Medicinal – Page 72

A case of spontaneous abdominal hemoperitoneum secondary to ruptured splenosis

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This case report describes a rare complication where ectopic splenic tissue (splenosis) that had grown in the abdomen following a previous spleen removal suddenly ruptured and caused severe internal bleeding. The 35-year-old patient developed acute abdominal pain and underwent emergency surgery to remove the bleeding tissue and stop the hemorrhage. The surgery was successful and the patient recovered well, highlighting the importance of considering splenosis in the differential diagnosis of unexplained abdominal bleeding in patients with prior spleen removal.

Cryptococcus albidus (Naganishia albida) meningitis in a young patient with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

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A 16-year-old boy with leukemia developed meningitis caused by a rare fungus called Cryptococcus albidus. Doctors initially thought he had a viral infection and started him on antiviral medication, but specialized fungal tests revealed the true culprit. Treatment with antifungal medications successfully cured the infection, demonstrating the importance of identifying the exact cause of infection to provide the right treatment.

Study on the inhibitory mechanism of fig leaf extract against postharvest Fusarium in melon

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Researchers discovered that fig leaves contain natural compounds that can prevent fruit rot caused by Fusarium fungus in melons. When applied to infected melons, the fig leaf extract kills the fungus by damaging its cell membranes and overwhelming it with harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species. This natural treatment could replace chemical fungicides that harm the environment and leave residues on food, offering a safer way to preserve melons during transport and storage.

Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals novel hyphomycetous fungi on medicinal plants in Southwestern China

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Scientists discovered twelve new species of fungi growing on medicinal plants in southwestern China. Using microscopy and DNA analysis, researchers identified these fungi and studied how they relate to each other genetically. The study is important because these fungi can affect the quality of herbal medicines that millions of people use worldwide. This research helps protect medicinal plant quality and expands our knowledge of fungi in nature.

Diverse origins of fibrinolytic enzymes: A comprehensive review

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Blood clots can cause heart attacks and strokes, which are major causes of death worldwide. Currently used clot-dissolving drugs have significant drawbacks including short effectiveness periods and side effects. This review examines how fibrinolytic enzymes—naturally occurring proteins that dissolve blood clots—can be obtained from various sources, especially fermented foods like Japanese natto. These enzymes show promise as safer, cheaper alternatives that could be produced in large quantities for treating cardiovascular diseases.

Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility profiles of Candida isolates among patients with candiduria: a multiplex PCR assay

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This study examined Candida yeast infections in urine samples from hospitalized patients in Iran. Researchers identified seven different Candida species using a specialized PCR test and tested how well they responded to three antifungal medications. They found that while Candida albicans was most common, other species showed much higher resistance to fluconazole treatment. The findings highlight the importance of proper species identification for choosing the right treatment.

Exploring the Wound Healing Potential of Hispidin

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Hispidin, a natural compound from medicinal mushrooms, shows promise as a wound healing treatment. Research demonstrates that hispidin can kill harmful bacteria, stimulate skin cell growth and migration, reduce inflammation, and improve wound closure when applied as an ointment. The 5% hispidin ointment performed as well as or better than standard wound treatments in rat studies, with no toxic side effects observed, suggesting potential for future wound care products.

Aspergillus terreus sectorization: a morphological phenomenon shedding light on amphotericin B resistance mechanism

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This study investigated why some strains of the fungus Aspergillus terreus are resistant to amphotericin B, an important antifungal medicine. Researchers compared a resistant strain with a mutated version that became susceptible to the drug. They found that certain genes called P-type ATPases are more active in resistant strains and may help the fungus pump ions and alter its cell membrane to survive the drug. Additionally, mutations in genes responsible for producing secondary metabolites were linked to the visible changes seen when fungal cultures degenerate.

Green Myco-Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Cortinarius sp.: Hepatoprotective, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Potential for Biomedical Applications

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Scientists created tiny particles called zinc oxide nanoparticles using mushroom extract in an environmentally friendly way. These particles were tested and found to protect the liver from damage, kill harmful bacteria and fungi, and act as powerful antioxidants. This research suggests these mushroom-derived nanoparticles could become useful medicines for treating infections and cancer in the future.

Breakthrough Invasive Mould Infections Under Posaconazole Prophylaxis in Patients With Haematologic Malignancies: A Case–Control Study

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This study examined cases where patients receiving posaconazole to prevent fungal infections still developed serious mould infections despite the medication. Researchers compared 29 patients who developed these breakthrough infections with 46 control patients who did not. They found that over half of patients with breakthrough infections died, compared to only 20% of controls, and that surgical treatment significantly improved survival for certain types of fungal infections.

Research Topic: Medicinal