Medicinal – Page 26

Efficacy of prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic administration in improving growth in children aged 0–59 months living in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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This comprehensive review examined whether giving children special dietary supplements containing beneficial bacteria and their food sources (prebiotics, probiotics, or synbiotics) helps them grow better in low-income countries. The analysis of eight studies found that these supplements may help children gain weight, especially those who are malnourished, though the evidence remains limited. More research is needed to fully understand whether these supplements are truly effective for promoting healthy growth in young children.

Regulatory effects of Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides on immune function and their application prospects

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Lycium barbarum, a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 2000 years, contains special compounds called polysaccharides that boost the immune system. These compounds work by activating immune cells like macrophages and T cells, and can help fight infections and reduce inflammation. Research shows they may also help with conditions like arthritis, cancer, and gut health by acting as a natural prebiotic that promotes beneficial bacteria.

Probiotic-fortified Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) juice: free or encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii

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This study developed a probiotic-enriched tomato juice using beneficial bacteria wrapped in protective capsules. The encapsulated version maintained better bacterial survival, taste, and health benefits compared to unprotected bacteria during the 28-day storage period. This creates a promising non-dairy functional beverage option for health-conscious consumers seeking improved gut health and antioxidant benefits.

High-Yield-Related Genes Participate in Mushroom Production

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Scientists have identified specific genes that control how mushrooms grow and produce fruit bodies. By using advanced gene-editing technology like CRISPR-Cas9, researchers can now increase mushroom yields by 20-65%, offering a faster and more efficient alternative to traditional breeding methods. This breakthrough could help meet the world’s growing demand for mushrooms while making farming more sustainable and economical for growers globally.

Enhancing Pearl oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) performance by evaluating the influence of potassium humate and wheat straw on yield and biochemical attributes

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This study examined how adding potassium humate (a natural organic compound) to wheat straw substrate affects the growth and quality of oyster mushrooms. Researchers tested seven different amounts of potassium humate over two growing seasons and found that a moderate amount (0.5 g per 500 g straw) produced the best results, increasing both mushroom yield and nutritional value including vitamin C and beneficial sugars. Interestingly, using more potassium humate was not better, showing that balanced application is more effective than maximum supplementation for optimal mushroom production.

Impact of Hericium erinaceus and Ganoderma lucidum metabolites on AhR activation in neuronal HT-22 cells

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This study examined how two medicinal mushrooms, lion’s mane and Reishi, affect nerve cells in the brain. The researchers found that metabolites from these mushrooms don’t harm brain cells and actually boost protective proteins that support cell health and survival. The mushrooms appear to work through a cellular receptor called AhR, which helps facilitate communication between the gut and the brain. These findings suggest that these mushrooms may help support brain function and protect against neurological problems.

Nettle (Urtica cannabina L.) polysaccharides as a novel dietary supplement: enhancing systemic antioxidant status via modulation of the gut–liver axis

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This study found that nettle polysaccharides, especially at lower doses, act as a natural supplement that boosts the body’s antioxidant defenses. The supplement works by promoting beneficial bacteria in the gut, which produce helpful metabolites that signal to the liver to enhance protective antioxidant enzymes. These findings suggest nettle polysaccharides could be a promising natural ingredient for health-conscious food products aimed at maintaining metabolic wellness.

Acute and Chronic Psilocybin in Mouse Models of Psychiatric Disorders

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Researchers tested psilocybin (the active compound in magic mushrooms) in mice bred to show obsessive-compulsive behaviors. A single dose of psilocybin reduced compulsive grooming for about a week, but giving it repeatedly over time did not help with anxiety, depression, or compulsive behaviors. The findings suggest psilocybin might work best as a one-time treatment rather than repeated doses, which has implications for how these drugs might be used in future psychiatric treatment.

Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans

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This comprehensive review examines how scientists use advanced imaging techniques like PET and SPECT scans to study how hallucinogenic drugs such as LSD and psilocybin interact with the brain. The research shows these drugs primarily bind to serotonin receptors, particularly the 5-HT2A subtype, which appear responsible for producing hallucinations. While scientific understanding of hallucinogen mechanisms has advanced significantly, there is still much to learn about their complete effects on brain chemistry and their potential therapeutic applications.

Triacetin and a Mushroom Blend Restore Butyrate Production by IBS Microbiomes Ex Vivo, Thus Promoting Barrier Integrity

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Researchers tested two natural products—triacetin and a mushroom blend—to see if they could help people with IBS by improving their gut bacteria and strengthening their intestinal lining. Both products successfully increased beneficial short-chain fatty acids and improved barrier integrity, with triacetin having the added advantage of producing less uncomfortable gas. These findings suggest these products could offer a new dietary approach to managing IBS symptoms.

Research Topic: Medicinal