Research Topic: signaling pathways

Decoding small peptides: Regulators of plant growth and stress resilience

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Small peptides are tiny protein-like molecules that act as chemical messengers in plants, controlling growth, development, and how plants respond to stress. Scientists have recently developed better tools to find and study these peptides, discovering they play important roles in helping plants adapt to harsh environments like drought and disease. These findings could help create crops that are more resilient and productive, addressing challenges posed by climate change and food security.

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Therapeutic Effects of Natural Products on Liver Cancer and Their Potential Mechanisms

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This review examines how natural products from plants, fungi, and marine organisms can help treat liver cancer more safely and effectively than current drugs. These natural compounds work through multiple pathways such as triggering cancer cell death, stopping cell growth, and boosting the immune system. The research found that seven categories of natural products show promise, with sources ranging from ginseng and turmeric to mushrooms and seaweed, offering potential new treatment options that could reduce side effects and drug resistance.

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Current Uses of Mushrooms in Cancer Treatment and Their Anticancer Mechanisms

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This comprehensive review examines how medicinal mushrooms can help treat cancer. Certain mushroom species and their compounds, particularly polysaccharides, can boost the immune system to fight cancer cells, reduce chemotherapy side effects, and overcome drug resistance. Multiple mushrooms are currently in clinical trials showing promise in improving cancer patient outcomes when used alongside conventional treatments.

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Plant and Fungal Polysaccharides in Periodontitis Treatment: Diverse Mechanisms and Therapeutic Roles

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Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that causes tooth loss and affects overall health. This review examines how polysaccharides (complex carbohydrates) from plants and fungi can help treat periodontitis by reducing inflammation, fighting bacteria, and helping gum tissue repair. These natural compounds work through multiple biological pathways to improve oral health outcomes while avoiding the side effects and resistance problems associated with conventional drugs.

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Ganoderma lucidum and Robinia pseudoacacia Flower Extract Complex Alleviates Kidney Inflammation and Fibrosis by Modulating Oxidative Stress

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Researchers studied a natural supplement made from reishi mushroom and black locust flower to treat kidney disease. In laboratory and animal tests, this supplement reduced kidney damage by lowering harmful molecules called free radicals and controlling inflammation. The supplement worked by blocking specific pathways that cause kidney inflammation and scarring, suggesting it could be a helpful natural treatment for people with chronic kidney disease.

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Anticancer Activity of Demethylincisterol A3 and Related Incisterol-Type Fungal Products

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This review examines a group of rare fungal compounds called incisterols, with a focus on demethylincisterol A3 (DM-A3), which has shown promise as an anticancer agent. DM-A3 works through multiple mechanisms including blocking cancer cell signaling pathways, inhibiting specific enzymes, and reducing inflammation. The compound has demonstrated effectiveness against various cancer types in laboratory studies and showed tumor-reducing effects in animal models, suggesting potential for future cancer therapy development.

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Plant–Fungi Mutualism, Alternative Splicing, and Defense Responses: Balancing Symbiosis and Immunity

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Fungi and plants form partnerships that help plants grow better and resist stress, with fungi receiving sugars from plants in return for nutrients from the soil. This review explains how a cellular process called alternative splicing acts like a molecular switch that lets plants accept beneficial fungi while keeping the ability to fight off harmful pathogens. Understanding this balance could help farmers grow healthier crops with less chemical pesticides and fertilizers.

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