Research Topic: sesquiterpenes

Chromosome-Scale Genome and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Differential Regulation of Terpenoid Secondary Metabolites in Hericium coralloides

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Researchers sequenced the complete genome of Hericium coralloides, an edible medicinal mushroom, at the chromosome level for the first time. They identified genes responsible for producing terpenoids, which are beneficial compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. The study found that these beneficial compounds are produced in higher amounts in the mushroom’s mycelium (root-like structure) compared to fruiting bodies, which could help optimize mushroom cultivation for medicinal use.

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Sandalwood Sesquiterpene (Z)-α-Santalol Exhibits In Vivo Efficacy Against Madurella mycetomatis in Galleria mellonella Larvae

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Researchers tested sandalwood compounds against a fungal infection that causes a tropical disease called eumycetoma. Using a laboratory model with wax moth larvae infected with the fungus, they found that a specific compound called (Z)-α-santalol significantly extended the survival of infected larvae. This compound was more effective than current antifungal drugs and showed promise as a potential new treatment for this neglected tropical disease.

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The First Report on Agarwood Formation of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Spreng Induced by Fusarium equiseti

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Researchers successfully induced agarwood (a valuable medicinal resin) formation in Chinese agar trees using a fungus called Fusarium equiseti. Through careful analysis, they found the fungus triggered production of beneficial compounds like agarotetrol and aromatic sesquiterpenes within 12 months, matching quality standards for medicinal use. This breakthrough offers a sustainable alternative to harvesting rare wild agarwood, potentially helping both human health and forest conservation.

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Sandalwood Sesquiterpene (Z)-α-Santalol Exhibits In Vivo Efficacy Against Madurella mycetomatis in Galleria mellonella Larvae

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Researchers tested sandalwood oil components against a fungal disease called eumycetoma that causes serious skin infections, especially in tropical regions. They found that one component called (Z)-α-santalol was highly effective at killing the fungus and extending survival in laboratory-infected moth larvae, while actually being relatively safe. This natural compound shows promise as a potential new treatment for this neglected disease that currently relies on expensive drugs that are only 40% effective.

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Isolation, (bio)synthetic studies and evaluation of antimicrobial properties of drimenol-type sesquiterpenes of Termitomyces fungi

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Termite colonies farm a fungus called Termitomyces for food in an ancient partnership. Scientists discovered that the mushrooms produced by this fungus release distinctive chemical signals, particularly a compound called drimenol. By isolating and synthesizing these compounds, researchers found they have antimicrobial properties and may play a role in communicating between termites and their fungal crop or protecting mushrooms from infection.

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