Research Topic: pulmonary disease

Lentinan Alleviated PM2.5 Exposure-Induced Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting the GARP/TGF-β/Smad Pathway

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Air pollution particles (PM2.5) can cause serious lung damage by triggering a process called epithelial-mesenchymal transition, where lung cells lose their protective qualities. This study found that a natural compound called lentinan, derived from shiitake mushrooms, can help prevent this harmful process by blocking a protein called GARP. The research suggests that lentinan could be a promising natural treatment for lung diseases caused by air pollution.

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Impact of glycemic control on coccidioidomycosis outcomes in patients with underlying diabetes mellitus in central California

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This study examined how blood sugar control affects outcomes in patients with both diabetes and coccidioidomycosis, a fungal infection common in central California. Researchers found that patients with poorly controlled diabetes (higher HbA1c levels) had higher rates of serious lung disease with cavities and were less likely to recover from the infection. The study highlights that managing blood sugar levels may be just as important as taking antifungal medications when treating this dual condition.

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Case Report: Liquid-based cytology diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis

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A 41-year-old man with diabetes developed a serious lung infection caused by mucormycosis, a rare and dangerous fungus. Doctors diagnosed the infection using liquid-based cytology, a technique that examines fluid from the lungs under a microscope, which proved more effective than traditional methods. Treatment with antifungal medications helped stabilize the patient’s condition, and he remained healthy during an eight-month follow-up. This case highlights how advanced diagnostic techniques can help doctors quickly identify and treat severe fungal infections.

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Pulmonary Aspergilloma in a Non-adherent Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient Receiving Long-Term Immunosuppression: A Report of a Rare Case

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A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic autoimmune disease treated with long-term immune-suppressing medications, developed a serious fungal lung infection called pulmonary aspergilloma. Despite the complexity of managing multiple conditions and extensive bilateral lung involvement, the patient was successfully treated with prolonged voriconazole antifungal therapy rather than surgery, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and tailored treatment in immunocompromised patients.

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Histoplasma capsulatum as a cause for prolonged pulmonary illness in an immunocompetent returning traveller from Bangladesh

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A 57-year-old man returning from Bangladesh developed a severe lung infection that lasted several weeks and required hospitalization with breathing support. Doctors initially thought he had tuberculosis or bacterial pneumonia, but standard tests came back negative. Advanced fungal testing eventually identified the cause as histoplasmosis, a fungal infection he likely caught while supervising construction work. After treatment with antifungal medications, the patient recovered and was discharged to continue medication at home for a year.

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