Filamentous fungi like Aspergillus and Trichoderma are workhorses of the biotechnology industry, producing enzymes and pharmaceuticals worth billions annually. The cell wall surrounding these fungal cells acts as both a barrier and a filter, affecting how well proteins can be secreted into the fermentation medium. By genetically modifying cell wall components, scientists can improve enzyme production efficiency. Additionally, the billions of tons of fungal biomass left over from fermentation contain valuable chitin and chitosan that could be extracted and reused, creating a more sustainable manufacturing process.