This research studied how adding spices like black pepper, garlic, onion, and red pepper to plant-based meat products during manufacturing can improve their flavor. Scientists analyzed over 50 commercial meat analog products and found that spices reduced unpleasant bean-like flavors while adding pleasant tastes. When spices were added during the high-temperature extrusion process used to make these products, they prevented bad-tasting chemicals from forming and added nice flavors like citrus and spice notes.