therapeutic action: lipid metabolism improvement

Recent advances in natural polysaccharides for type 2 diabetes management: sources, structural characteristics, and mechanistic insights

Natural polysaccharides from plants, mushrooms, and seaweed show promise as treatments for type 2 diabetes. These complex sugar molecules work through multiple mechanisms including improving how the body uses insulin, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, and promoting beneficial gut bacteria. The effectiveness of these polysaccharides depends on their specific chemical structure, particularly their molecular weight and how their sugar units are linked together.

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Seagrass Enhalus acoroides extract mitigates obesity and diabetes via GLP-1, PPARγ, SREBP-1c modulation and gut microbiome restoration in diabetic zebrafish

Researchers tested a seagrass extract called Enhalus acoroides on diabetic zebrafish and found it effectively reduced body weight and blood sugar levels, performing as well or better than metformin, a common diabetes medication. The extract worked by activating genes that promote glucose metabolism and reducing genes that promote fat storage. Importantly, the extract also restored healthy gut bacteria balance, which appears to play a key role in its therapeutic effects. These findings suggest that seagrass could be developed into a natural supplement or functional food to help treat obesity and diabetes.

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Therapeutic and Preventive Potential of Plant-Derived Antioxidant Nutraceuticals

This comprehensive review explores how compounds found in plants can protect our bodies from harmful damage caused by oxidative stress, which is linked to aging and various diseases. Plant-based foods rich in antioxidants like berries, leafy greens, and olive oil contain special molecules that can help prevent cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and other chronic conditions. The review highlights that these natural compounds work through multiple beneficial mechanisms beyond just antioxidant activity, making plant-based diets an effective strategy for maintaining health and preventing disease.

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The Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications

Traditional Chinese Medicine uses various herbs and plant compounds to treat Type 2 diabetes by improving how the body controls blood sugar and protects the pancreas. Many common TCM herbs like ginseng, rehmannia, and coptis work through natural mechanisms that reduce inflammation, protect cells from damage, and improve how the body uses insulin. Research shows TCM may also help prevent or reduce diabetes-related complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nerves. These herbal treatments offer potential benefits with fewer side effects compared to conventional medications.

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Flammulina velutipes stem regulates oxidative damage and synthesis of yolk precursors in aging laying hens by regulating the liver–blood–ovary axis

This study shows that adding golden needle mushroom stems to the feed of aging laying hens improves egg production by reducing oxidative damage and boosting reproductive hormones. The mushroom stem, normally a waste product, works through a liver-ovary signaling pathway to enhance the production of yolk-building proteins and improve the quality and number of developing eggs. The treatment was particularly effective at doses of 4-6% supplementation and also had beneficial side effects like reducing abdominal fat and improving eggshell thickness.

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