therapeutic action: biological control

The Function of Chitinases CmCH1 and CmCH10 in the Interaction of Coniothyrium minitans and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Scientists studied two enzyme genes in a fungus that eats other harmful fungi. When they removed one gene at a time, the fungus still worked fine. But when they removed both genes together, the fungus grew slower and couldn’t attack its target fungus as effectively. This shows that these genes work together as a team to help the fungus do its job as a natural pest control agent.

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Prevalence of toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in Arabic coffee (Coffea arabica): Protective role of traditional coffee roasting, brewing and bacterial volatiles

This study examined toxin-producing fungi and harmful mycotoxins found in coffee sold in Qatar markets. Researchers tested whether traditional coffee roasting and brewing methods reduce these harmful compounds, and also tested a beneficial bacterium that produces antifungal compounds. They found that higher roasting temperatures and brewing significantly reduced the dangerous toxins, and the bacterial volatiles completely stopped fungal growth on coffee beans, offering a natural alternative to chemical fungicides.

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Tolerance and antioxidant response to heavy metals are differentially activated in Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma longibrachiatum

This research examined how two types of fungi called Trichoderma respond to contamination from heavy metals like copper, lead, and chromium. The study found that one species (T. longibrachiatum) is better at surviving heavy metal exposure than the other. Both species activate defensive mechanisms to combat the toxic effects, including producing protective proteins and enzymes that neutralize harmful molecules called reactive oxygen species.

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