therapeutic action: anti-apoptotic effects

The Impact of Psilocybin on High Glucose/Lipid-Induced Changes in INS-1 Cell Viability and Dedifferentiation

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Researchers tested whether psilocybin, a compound from magic mushrooms, could protect pancreatic β-cells (which produce insulin) from damage caused by high glucose and fat levels. Using laboratory cells, they found that psilocybin reduced β-cell death by preventing apoptosis and showed promise in reducing dedifferentiation (when cells lose their specialized functions). However, psilocybin didn’t restore the cells’ ability to respond to glucose by releasing insulin.

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Neuroprotective properties of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins in 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Scientists studied how Bcl-2 proteins might protect the brain from Alzheimer’s disease by controlling calcium levels in nerve cells. They injected modified Bcl-2 proteins into the brains of mice engineered to develop Alzheimer’s symptoms and found that these proteins helped preserve the connections between nerve cells and reduced harmful amyloid plaque buildup. A special version of Bcl-2 that worked primarily on one type of calcium channel was surprisingly most effective at reducing amyloid plaques, suggesting this specific mechanism could be important for treating Alzheimer’s disease.

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Cerebral Hypoxia-Induced Molecular Alterations and Their Impact on the Physiology of Neurons and Dendritic Spines: A Comprehensive Review

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This review explains how low oxygen levels in the brain damage nerve cells and their connection points (dendritic spines) through a cascade of molecular changes. The brain normally has protective mechanisms, but severe or prolonged hypoxia overwhelms these defenses, leading to memory loss and cognitive problems. Several molecular pathways and supporting cells called astrocytes and microglia can help protect neurons. Understanding these protective mechanisms may lead to new treatments for brain conditions caused by low oxygen, such as stroke.

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Application of Medicinal Mushrooms for the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Systematic Review

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This review examined whether medicinal mushrooms can help repair nerve injuries that often cause pain and disability. Researchers found that four types of mushrooms—particularly Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus)—contain natural compounds that promote nerve healing and regeneration. These mushrooms appear to work by activating specific cellular pathways that help nerve cells survive and regrow. While animal studies show promising results, human clinical trials are needed before these mushroom-based treatments can be recommended for nerve injury patients.

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