This research discovered and described two new species of mushrooms from threatened ecosystems in Brazil. The study combines traditional microscopic analysis with modern DNA techniques to understand fungal diversity. This work matters because: • It demonstrates that unexplored areas still contain undiscovered species • It highlights the importance of protecting threatened ecosystems that harbor unique biodiversity • It improves our understanding of fungal diversity and evolution in tropical regions • It provides new information for conservation planning and biodiversity management • It shows how modern technology can help us better understand and classify living organisms