This research reviews modern molecular tools used to track and monitor beneficial and harmful Trichoderma fungi in agricultural settings. These fungi play important roles in agriculture – they can help protect crops from diseases and promote plant growth, but can also cause problems in mushroom farming. The review examines various methods to detect and measure Trichoderma populations, from basic lab techniques to advanced DNA-based tools. Impacts on everyday life: – Helps farmers better use beneficial Trichoderma strains to protect crops naturally without chemicals – Enables mushroom growers to detect harmful Trichoderma early to prevent crop losses – Supports development of more environmentally-friendly agricultural practices – Contributes to safer and more efficient food production methods – Advances our ability to monitor beneficial microorganisms in agricultural systems