This research explored and identified various species of fungi living in freshwater environments across different elevations in Peru. The study combined traditional methods of observing fungal structures with modern DNA analysis to better understand how these fungi are related to each other and where they can be found. The findings impact everyday life in several ways: • Helps scientists better understand biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems • Contributes to knowledge of how fungi break down plant material in water systems • Provides baseline data for monitoring environmental changes in tropical regions • Aids in discovering new species that might have practical applications • Improves our understanding of fungal distribution patterns in South America