Researchers found that a medicinal mushroom called Sanghuangporous vaninii grown on mulberry sawdust in China contains exceptionally high levels of polyphenols—powerful antioxidant compounds. They isolated and purified a particularly potent polyphenol mixture called HNMS3, which contains 33 different compounds. Through advanced molecular analysis, they discovered that HNMS3 works by activating eight key proteins in the body to fight oxidative stress, making it potentially beneficial for brain health and preventing nerve degeneration.