Scientists have discovered a new species of fungus on a small Japanese island. This fungus, named Aleurodiscus sagittisporus, grows exclusively on dead palm tree parts that are still attached to living trees. The discovery highlights how unique species can evolve in isolated island environments. Impacts on everyday life: • Demonstrates the ongoing discovery of new species even in well-studied regions • Helps understand the relationship between plants and fungi in island ecosystems • Contributes to knowledge of biodiversity conservation in island environments • Shows the importance of protecting specific host plants to preserve associated species • Highlights the value of urban plantings in supporting unique organisms