This research examined mushroom species from the genus Leccinum in China, discovering three new species and providing detailed information about their characteristics and relationships with specific trees. The study helps scientists better understand fungal biodiversity in China and the important ecological relationships between mushrooms and trees. Impacts on everyday life: – Helps identify edible mushroom species that can be safely collected – Improves understanding of forest ecosystem health and management – Contributes to conservation of fungal biodiversity – Aids in cultivation of economically important mushroom species – Advances knowledge of plant-fungal relationships important for forestry