This research reveals how modern mushrooms evolved over millions of years, showing that the classic mushroom shape with a cap and stem evolved multiple times and helped drive their diversity. The study impacts everyday life in several ways: • Helps understand how fungi adapt and evolve, which is crucial for agriculture and forestry • Provides insights into fungal responses to climate change, important for predicting future ecosystem changes • Improves our knowledge of fungal diversity and evolution, helping in the discovery of new species with potential uses • Aids in understanding fungal symbiotic relationships with plants, critical for forest health and agriculture • Contributes to conservation efforts by revealing historical patterns of fungal diversity