Fungal Species: Armillaria calvescens

Epidemiology, Biotic Interactions and Biological Control of Armillarioids in the Northern Hemisphere

This paper reviews how armillarioid fungi, particularly Armillaria species, cause root rot disease in forests and orchards across the Northern Hemisphere. These fungi spread through underground root-like structures called rhizomorphs and can kill trees and damage crops over large areas. The authors discuss how to identify these fungi using modern genetic methods and explore environmentally friendly biological control options using beneficial bacteria, fungi, and nematodes as alternatives to chemical treatments.

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Bioluminescence Patterns Among North American Armillaria Species

This research discovered that more species of mushroom-forming fungi in the Armillaria genus can produce their own light (bioluminescence) than previously known. The study found five new glowing species and confirmed four others, showing that this characteristic is more common in these fungi than scientists thought. Impact on everyday life: • Helps in identifying harmful tree-rotting fungi in forests and gardens • Advances our understanding of natural light production in organisms • Could lead to development of natural lighting technologies • Improves forest management and tree health monitoring • Contributes to potential biotechnology applications using bioluminescent organisms

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