Research Keyword: vaccine development

Edible mushrooms as emerging biofactories for natural therapeutics and oral biopharmaceutical delivery

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Mushrooms are emerging as natural medicine factories that can be genetically engineered to produce medications taken by mouth. Beyond their traditional use as health foods, scientists are now using advanced genetic techniques to program mushrooms to manufacture therapeutic proteins and vaccines. These engineered mushrooms can naturally package and protect these medications as they pass through the stomach, releasing them safely in the intestines for absorption. This approach offers a sustainable, affordable, and cold-chain-independent alternative to conventional injected medications.

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Glycan microarray analysis of Candida-related antibodies in human and mice sera guides biomarker discovery and vaccine development

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Researchers developed a test using synthetic sugar molecules found on Candida yeast to detect antibodies in blood from infected patients and mice. They discovered that the immune system produces different antibodies at different stages of infection, starting with antibodies against certain sugars and later focusing on others. The study identified three specific sugar structures that could be used to create simple blood tests to diagnose Candida infections and potentially develop vaccines to prevent these serious fungal infections.

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Fungal vaccines: so needed, so feasible, and yet so far off

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Fungal infections kill millions of people worldwide each year, particularly those with weakened immune systems, yet no vaccines exist to prevent them. Scientists have discovered that a specific fungal enzyme called Eng2 can trigger protective immune responses against three major disease-causing fungi. A vaccine containing this enzyme from all three fungi species could potentially protect against multiple dangerous fungal infections, though challenges like cost and the need to work in immunocompromised patients remain before such vaccines reach patients.

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A Review on Aspergillosis in Turkey: As a Main Fungal Disease in Poultry

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Aspergillosis is a serious fungal disease affecting turkeys, especially young birds, caused by breathing in fungal spores from moldy hay, compost or poorly ventilated housing. The disease causes respiratory problems, can spread to other organs, and can kill 30-50% of affected flocks. Prevention through good ventilation, clean housing and dry feed is more effective than treatment since few antifungal drugs are approved for food animals. Understanding how environmental conditions promote this disease is key to protecting turkey populations.

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