transcriptomics – Page 4

Transcriptome Analysis of Dimethyl Fumarate Inhibiting the Growth of Aspergillus carbonarius

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Researchers studied how a chemical called dimethyl fumarate stops the growth of a dangerous fungus (Aspergillus carbonarius) that damages grapes and produces a toxin called ochratoxin A. By analyzing which genes were turned on and off when the fungus was exposed to this chemical, they found that it works by damaging the fungus’s cell walls and disrupting its normal development. This discovery could help protect fruit crops and food safety by providing a natural and non-toxic way to prevent mold growth.

Production of β-Glucans by Pleurotus ostreatus: Cultivation and Genetic Background

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Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are increasingly popular edible fungi that can grow on various waste materials like agricultural byproducts and food waste, making them both economical and environmentally friendly. These mushrooms produce valuable health-promoting compounds called β-glucans that have immune-boosting and antioxidant properties. Modern scientific techniques, including genetic analysis and artificial intelligence, are being used to optimize cultivation methods and increase production of these beneficial compounds. This sustainable approach to mushroom farming helps reduce waste while providing nutritious and medicinal food products.

Fungal symbiont Mycena complements impaired nitrogen utilization in Gastrodia elata and supplies indole-3-acetic acid to facilitate its seed germination

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A special type of orchid called Gastrodia elata cannot survive on its own because it has lost the ability to produce its own food and certain plant growth hormones. Instead, it relies completely on a fungal partner called Mycena to provide nitrogen nutrients and auxin (a growth hormone). This study reveals exactly how Mycena does this by analyzing their genes and how they communicate, showing that the fungus acts as a nutritional life-support system for the orchid seed’s germination.

Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Provide Insight into Degeneration-Related Molecular Mechanisms of Morchella importuna During Repeated Subculturing

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Morel mushrooms are prized edible fungi that unfortunately degrade when repeatedly cultured in the laboratory, becoming slower-growing and less productive. Researchers used advanced genetic and chemical analysis to discover that degeneration occurs when the mushroom stops producing flavonoids, natural antioxidants that protect cells from damage. A specific gene called NR-PKS is responsible for making these protective flavonoids, and it shuts down in degraded strains. The study suggests that preservation methods using cold storage or adding antioxidants could help maintain healthy, productive morel cultures.

Arsenic Stress Resistance in the Endophytic Fungus Cladosporium cladosporioides: Physiological and Transcriptomic Insights into Heavy Metal Detoxification

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A special fungus called Cladosporium cladosporioides, found living inside the roots of Gentiana yunnanensis (a traditional Chinese medicine herb), can tolerate extremely high levels of arsenic. Researchers discovered that this fungus protects itself from arsenic poisoning by storing arsenic mostly in its cell walls, converting toxic arsenic into less harmful forms, and activating its antioxidant defense systems. This discovery could help reduce arsenic contamination in medicinal herbs and lead to new methods for cleaning arsenic-polluted soil.

Whole genome sequencing and annotations of Trametes sanguinea ZHSJ

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Scientists have completely mapped the genetic code of Trametes sanguinea, a medicinal mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine. They identified over 10,000 genes and analyzed how this mushroom produces compounds that fight tumors, boost immunity, protect the heart, and fight viruses. This genetic map will help researchers understand how to produce these beneficial compounds and develop new medicines from this mushroom.

Omics approaches to investigate pre-symbiotic responses of the mycorrhizal fungus Tulasnella sp. SV6 to the orchid host Serapias vomeracea

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This research explores how orchid-associated fungi sense and respond to their host plants before they even make physical contact. Scientists used advanced molecular techniques to track changes in gene expression and chemical composition in Tulasnella fungal cells when exposed to orchid plants. The fungi showed significant metabolic preparation, increasing production of proteins and cellular membrane components, suggesting they are actively preparing for symbiosis. This study reveals that plant-fungus interactions begin through long-distance chemical communication before the organisms ever physically meet.

Transcriptomics Insights into Targeting CK2 Complex in Cryptococcus neoformans: Implications for Large-Scale Antifungal Virtual Screening

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Scientists studied how a fungus called Cryptococcus neoformans causes serious brain infections and found that disabling a specific protein complex (CK2) could be an effective treatment strategy. Using computer analysis of genetic data, they identified three existing drugs—amphotericin B, idarubicin, and candicidin—that could potentially target and kill this dangerous fungus. This research provides a foundation for developing better treatments for cryptococcal meningitis, a life-threatening infection that kills hundreds of thousands of people annually, especially those with weakened immune systems.

Transcriptomic insights into the molecular mechanism of abietic acid promoting growth and branching in Armillaria gallica

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Scientists discovered that abietic acid, a natural compound from pine trees, significantly boosts the growth of Armillaria gallica mushrooms by up to 302% in just three days. This fungus is important because it helps grow Gastrodia elata, a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal herb. By studying which genes turned on in response to abietic acid, researchers found it works by helping the fungus break down nutrients more efficiently and remodel its cell walls for better growth. This discovery could improve cultivation techniques for medicinal mushrooms and their plant partners.

Optimized Protocol for RNA Isolation from Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus fumigatus Strains

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Researchers developed an improved method for extracting RNA from common mold species like Penicillium and Aspergillus fumigatus. The new protocol uses physical shaking with beads and chemical extraction to break open fungal cells and isolate high-quality RNA. This method produces significantly more usable RNA than previous approaches and can be easily applied in laboratories working with many fungal samples.

Research Keyword: transcriptomics