toxicology – mycolab.ai

Cumulative exposure of xenobiotics of emerging concern from agrifood under the One Health approach (XENOBAC4OH)

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This research programme examines how harmful chemicals from industry and agriculture accumulate in our food supply and environment. Scientists used a ‘One Health’ approach that considers impacts on humans, animals, and ecosystems together. They tested methods to measure chemical contamination in water and soil, studied how bacteria might break down pollutants, and investigated how different farming practices affect the safety of food crops like tomatoes.

Novel method for rapid monitoring of OPFRs by LLE and GC–MS as a tool for assessing biodegradation: validation and applicability

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This study developed a new analytical method to detect and measure organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) in water samples. Researchers tested whether certain fungi, particularly white-rot fungi like Ganoderma lucidum and Trametes versicolor, could break down these toxic chemicals that are difficult to remove by conventional water treatment. The results show these fungi can effectively degrade some OPFRs, offering a promising biological treatment option for contaminated wastewater.

The Role of Plant Extracts in Enhancing Nutrition and Health for Dogs and Cats: Safety, Benefits, and Applications

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This review examines how plant-based supplements like tea extracts, curcumin, and quercetin can improve the health of pet dogs and cats. These natural compounds act as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, supporting gut health, immune function, and overall wellness in companion animals. While generally safe when properly dosed, cats and dogs metabolize these compounds differently, requiring species-specific dosing strategies to maximize benefits and minimize risks.

Mushroom data creation, curation, and simulation to support classification tasks

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This study creates a new dataset of over 61,000 mushroom records from 173 species to help computers learn to identify whether mushrooms are safe to eat or poisonous. The researchers extracted mushroom information from an identification textbook and used computer programs to generate realistic hypothetical mushroom entries. They tested different AI methods and found that random forests (a type of machine learning algorithm) worked best, achieving perfect accuracy in identifying poisonous versus edible mushrooms.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice on mushroom poisoning among residents of Jilin province

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This study surveyed over 500 residents in Jilin Province about their understanding of mushroom poisoning risks. The results showed that most people had limited knowledge about toxic mushrooms, though many held positive attitudes about food safety. However, knowing about the dangers did not always translate into safer behaviors. The research suggests that better education, especially for rural residents, could help prevent dangerous mushroom poisoning incidents.

Current Insights into Sublethal Effects of Pesticides on Insects

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This comprehensive review examines how pesticides harm insects at doses that don’t immediately kill them. Sublethal pesticide exposure weakens insects’ immune systems, disrupts reproduction and development, and impairs critical behaviors like navigation, feeding, and learning. The research shows these effects vary by insect species, age, and exposure type, and that pesticide combinations can be far more harmful than individual chemicals alone.

Clinico-epidemiological evaluation of pharmaceutical/non-pharmaceutical poisoning in a referral poisoning emergency in the Central part of Iran

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This study examined over 5,700 poisoning cases in Iran to compare outcomes between people poisoned by medications versus other substances like pesticides. Medication poisonings were more common in women and were usually intentional overdoses, while pesticide poisonings were more common in men and often accidental. People poisoned by non-pharmaceutical substances had worse outcomes with a higher death rate. Understanding these differences helps hospitals and communities develop better prevention strategies and treatment approaches.

Updated safety evaluation of the food enzyme AMP deaminase from the non‐genetically modified Streptomyces murinus strain AE‐DNTS

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This study evaluated the safety of an enzyme called AMP deaminase that is used in food processing, particularly for making yeast products and mushroom extracts. Researchers tested the enzyme for genetic damage and toxicity using laboratory studies. The results showed the enzyme is safe for use in food manufacturing at the recommended levels, with a very large safety margin between the amounts used in food and amounts that might cause harm.

Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Trichoderma cornu-damae Using Hi-C Data

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Researchers created a complete genetic blueprint of a poisonous mushroom called Trichoderma cornu-damae that can be mistaken for medicinal mushrooms. Using advanced DNA sequencing techniques, they mapped all seven chromosomes and identified over 8,500 genes in this toxic fungus. This genetic map will help scientists understand how the mushroom produces dangerous toxins that harm rapidly growing cells. The work provides important information for identifying and studying this poisonous species.

Assessment of the Impact of Metals in Wild Edible Mushrooms from Dambovita County, Romania, on Human Health

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This study examined 18 types of wild mushrooms commonly eaten in Romania for their metal content and potential health risks. Researchers found that while mushrooms contain valuable nutrients like iron and zinc, some species accumulate toxic metals like lead and cadmium. Adults who eat these mushrooms generally face acceptable risks, but children are more vulnerable due to their smaller body size and higher food intake per kilogram of body weight.

Research Keyword: toxicology