Research Keyword: taxonomy

New species and records of ascomycetes on cypress in Beijing, China

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Researchers in Beijing investigated fungal diseases affecting cypress trees, which are important for landscaping and have medicinal value. They collected samples from diseased and healthy cypress parts and identified 13 different fungal species, including two completely new species and two species previously unknown on cypress trees. The study helps us understand the various fungi living on cypress trees, both harmful pathogens and potentially beneficial endophytic fungi that may have useful medicinal properties.

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Five-Year Retrospective Analysis of Superficial Fungal Infections: Insights from Hospital Experience

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This study examined fungal skin infections in over 3,900 patients at a Serbian military hospital over five years. Researchers found that common fungi like Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum caused most infections, with patterns varying by season, patient gender, and body location. Men were more likely to have foot infections while women showed more diverse fungal types. The findings suggest doctors should use more precise identification methods like MALDI-TOF testing to prescribe better treatments and help prevent recurring infections.

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Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for High-Accuracy Classification of Morphologically Similar Puffball Species Using CNN and Transformer Architectures

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Scientists developed an artificial intelligence system that can automatically identify eight different types of puffball mushrooms from photographs with 95% accuracy. The study compared five different AI models and found that a modern convolutional neural network called ConvNeXt-Base was the best at telling apart puffball species that look very similar to each other. This technology could help amateur mushroom enthusiasts, researchers, and nature conservationists accurately identify these fungi without needing a microscope or laboratory tests.

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Microbial communities inhabiting the surface and gleba of white (Tuber magnatum) and black (Tuber macrosporum) truffles from Russia

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This research identifies the various microorganisms living inside truffles, particularly Tuber magnatum (white truffle) and Tuber macrosporum (black truffle). The study found that a yeast-like fungus called Geotrichum consistently lives in both truffle types and likely helps with spore dispersal through smell-producing compounds. The researchers discovered that different parts of the truffle have different microbial communities, which explains why truffles have such unique flavors and aromas.

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The subfamily Chalciporoideae (Boletaceae, Boletales) in China

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Scientists studied a special group of fungi called Chalciporoideae that are found in China. They examined specimens using microscopes and DNA analysis to identify different species. The research discovered four previously unknown species and provided detailed descriptions of 16 species total found in China. These fungi are interesting because some can be eaten and used for different purposes.

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Phylogenomic, Morphological, and Phylogenetic Evidence Reveals Five New Species and Two New Host Records of Nectriaceae (Hypocreales) from China

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Researchers identified five new species of fusarioid fungi (Fusarium and Neocosmospora) found in China by combining morphological observations with advanced genetic analysis of 4,941 genes. These fungi are important because they can be beneficial endophytes, harmless decomposers, or disease-causing pathogens. The study used modern genomic techniques to clearly distinguish between closely related species and confirmed fundamental differences between the two main genera. These findings will help scientists better identify and manage diseases caused by these fungi in agriculture and medicine.

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