Research Keyword: systemic acquired resistance

Trichoderma: The Current Status of Its Application in Agriculture for the Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens and Stimulation of Plant Growth

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Trichoderma is a beneficial fungus that grows naturally in soil and can protect crops from harmful fungal diseases while promoting plant growth. It works through multiple mechanisms including directly attacking pathogenic fungi, competing for nutrients, and boosting the plant’s own defense systems. With over 77 commercial products already available, Trichoderma offers a promising sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides for protecting major world crops.

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Ornithine enhances common bean growth and defense against white mold disease via interfering with SsOAH and diminishing the biosynthesis of oxalic acid in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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Researchers found that L-ornithine, a naturally occurring amino acid, can help common bean plants defend themselves against white mold disease caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. When applied to bean plants, ornithine boosted their antioxidant defenses and interfered with the fungus’s ability to produce oxalic acid, a toxic compound it uses to infect plants. This discovery offers farmers a potential eco-friendly alternative to chemical fungicides for protecting bean crops.

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Cytophysiological manifestations of wheat’s defense reactions against stem rust induced by the biofungicide Novochizol

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Scientists studied how a new plant-based product called Novochizol helps wheat plants defend themselves against stem rust, a destructive fungal disease. When wheat seedlings were treated with Novochizol before being exposed to the rust fungus, the plants showed strong defensive reactions including increased production of protective hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds. The treatment significantly reduced the number and size of rust pustules (infection spots) on susceptible wheat plants, effectively converting them to a more resistant state without harming the plants.

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A root-based N-hydroxypipecolic acid standby circuit to direct immunity and growth of Arabidopsis shoots

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Plants communicate with their shoots through chemical signals produced in their roots when soil microorganisms are present. Researchers discovered that a molecule called N-hydroxypipecolic acid acts like an on-off switch controlled by two proteins, FMO1 and UGT76B1. Beneficial fungi suppress the ‘off’ switch, allowing this signal to travel to leaves where it boosts immunity against disease. Different amounts of this signal have different effects: small amounts help the plant grow, while large amounts strengthen defenses but slow growth.

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Cytophysiological manifestations of wheat’s defense reactions against stem rust induced by the biofungicide Novochizol

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Novochizol, a new type of chitosan-based treatment, helps wheat plants defend themselves against stem rust by triggering natural immune responses. When wheat seedlings are treated with Novochizol four days before rust infection, the plants accumulate protective molecules like hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds that kill many of the rust fungus colonies before they can spread. This reduces disease damage by 50-55% compared to untreated plants, offering a promising biological alternative to synthetic fungicides.

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