Research Keyword: sex differences

Sex-specific effects of psychedelic drug exposure on central amygdala reactivity and behavioral responding

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Researchers studied how psilocybin’s active form affects the brain’s fear center in both male and female rats. They found that a single dose produced different effects in males versus females, with males showing lasting reductions in fear responses over 28 days while females showed variable changes. These findings help explain why psychedelics might work differently between sexes and could inform how they’re used to treat anxiety and depression in humans.

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Differences in the Demographics and Clinical Characteristics between the Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament and Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum in Patients Who Underwent Thoracic Spinal Surgery for Compressive Myelopathy

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This study compared two spinal conditions that cause nerve compression in the upper back: ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (TOPLL) and ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF). Researchers found that TOPLL patients tend to be younger, more often female, and more obese than TOLF patients. Surgery for TOPLL is more complex and requires more extensive procedures with longer recovery times compared to TOLF surgery.

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Reelin cells and sex-dependent synaptopathology in autism following postnatal immune activation

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Researchers found that infections in newborn mice, particularly males, can disrupt brain development and lead to autism-like behaviors by damaging special brain cells called Reelin+ cells that help synapses mature properly. These damaged synapses failed to develop normally, resulting in social withdrawal and repetitive behaviors similar to autism in humans. Importantly, the study found that male mice were much more susceptible to this immune-triggered damage than female mice. The findings suggest that Reelin could be a promising therapeutic target for treating autism in children who experienced infections early in life.

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Exploring the relationship between dietary patterns and health-related quality of life among Iranian adult population: Tehran lipid and glucose study

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This study examined how different eating patterns affect people’s overall quality of life in Iran. Researchers found that people who eat more vegetables, fruits, legumes, and lean proteins report better physical and mental health. In contrast, diets high in processed foods, red meat, and sweets were associated with worse mental health in men. Interestingly, the benefits of healthy eating appeared stronger in women than men, suggesting that gender may influence how diet affects quality of life.

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