secondary metabolites – Page 17

Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds from Talaromyces purpureogenus CEF642N: Insights from One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) Strategy for Controlling Verticillium dahliae in Cotton

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Scientists discovered that a beneficial fungus called Talaromyces purpureogenus produces natural antifungal compounds that effectively control cotton wilt disease caused by the harmful fungus Verticillium dahliae. The study identified two main compounds, 3-octanol and 2-octenal, that showed strong antifungal activity without synthetic chemicals. This research offers a promising green alternative for protecting cotton crops from one of agriculture’s major diseases while being environmentally friendly.

Identification of Trichoderma spp., Their Biomanagement Against Fusarium proliferatum, and Growth Promotion of Zea mays

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Researchers isolated and tested special fungi called Trichoderma that can fight crop disease-causing fungi and promote plant growth. When applied to maize plants infected with disease-causing Fusarium, the Trichoderma fungi completely eliminated the disease and made the plants grow healthier and larger. This natural approach offers farmers a chemical-free alternative to protect crops while improving plant health.

Rediscovery of viomellein as an antibacterial compound and identification of its biosynthetic gene cluster in dermatophytes

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Researchers discovered that dermatophytes, fungi that cause common skin infections like athlete’s foot, produce a red pigment called viomellein that kills bacteria. By studying the genes responsible for making this compound, scientists found that most dermatophytes produce it, which may help explain how these fungi establish infections on skin despite the presence of protective bacteria. This discovery opens new possibilities for understanding skin infections and potentially developing new treatments.

Complete genome analysis and antimicrobial mechanism of Bacillus velezensis GX0002980 reveals its biocontrol potential against mango anthracnose disease

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Researchers discovered a beneficial bacterium called Bacillus velezensis that can prevent mango rot caused by a destructive fungus. This bacterium produces natural antimicrobial compounds that kill the disease-causing fungus without the need for harmful chemical pesticides. When applied to mangoes, it reduced disease by 52% and extended the fruits’ shelf life, offering a safe and environmentally friendly solution for protecting mangoes after harvest.

Modulation of Growth and Mycotoxigenic Potential of Pineapple Fruitlet Core Rot Pathogens during In Vitro Interactions

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Pineapple Fruitlet Core Rot is a disease caused by multiple fungi that live together inside pineapple fruit. This study showed that different fungi compete with each other in ways that change how much toxin they produce. One fungus, Talaromyces stollii, was particularly good at limiting the growth of Fusarium species. Understanding how these fungi interact could help prevent disease and keep pineapples safer to eat.

Identification of an antifungal lipopeptide from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HAU3 inhibiting the growth of Fusarium graminearum using preparative chromatography and 2D-NMR

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Scientists discovered a beneficial soil bacterium called Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that produces a natural antifungal compound called fengycin, which effectively kills dangerous mold (Fusarium graminearum) that contaminates animal feed. This bacterium can be used as a biological control agent to prevent fungal growth and reduce harmful mycotoxins in livestock feed, offering a safer and more environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fungicides. The study shows the bacterium’s compounds damage fungal cell membranes and generate harmful stress molecules that kill the fungus.

Influences of substrate and tissue type on erinacine production and biosynthetic gene expression in Hericium erinaceus

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Researchers studied how different growing conditions affect erinacine production in lion’s mane mushroom mycelium. They found that the type of nutrients provided (substrate) significantly influences which erinacines are produced, even when the genes responsible for making these compounds show similar activity levels. Mycelium produced much more erinacines than fruit bodies, and specific nutrients could be used to encourage production of specific beneficial compounds.

Pleurotus eryngii Culture Filtrate and Aqueous Extracts Alleviate Aflatoxin B1 Synthesis

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This research demonstrates that extracts from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus eryngii) can effectively reduce dangerous aflatoxin contamination in food and feed by up to 94%. Aflatoxins are toxic compounds produced by mold fungi that can cause serious health problems including cancer. The study shows that mushroom compounds work through multiple mechanisms including antioxidant activity and enzyme production, offering a natural and environmentally friendly alternative to harmful synthetic chemicals for protecting our food supply.

Elucidation of Mechanism of Soil Degradation Caused by Continuous Cropping of Dictyophora rubrovalvata Using Metagenomic and Metabolomic Technologies

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When farmers grow Dictyophora rubrovalvata mushrooms in the same soil repeatedly, the soil becomes degraded and mushroom production fails. Scientists found that repeated cultivation changes the soil’s microbe populations, reducing beneficial bacteria while increasing harmful fungi, and toxic compounds accumulate that further damage mushroom growth. By understanding these mechanisms through DNA sequencing and chemical analysis, better strategies can be developed to maintain healthy soil for sustainable mushroom farming.

Genomic characterization and fermentation study of the endophyte Stemphylium sp. (Aa22), a producer of bioactive alkyl-resorcinols

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Scientists sequenced the complete genome of a fungus called Stemphylium sp. (strain Aa22) that lives inside wormwood plants without harming them. This fungus produces natural compounds called alkyl-resorcinols that can repel aphids and kill plant-damaging nematodes, making them potentially useful as organic pesticides. The researchers found the genetic instructions for making these compounds and determined that growing the fungus in liquid culture produces more of the useful compounds than growing it on rice, offering a promising path toward developing these natural biopesticides on a larger scale.

Research Keyword: secondary metabolites