This research discovered that frogs have protective bacteria on their skin that can fight against harmful water molds called Saprolegnia. Scientists tested bacteria from different frog populations and found that certain types, especially Bacillus bacteria, could prevent the mold from growing. However, the bacteria’s protective ability depends on environmental conditions—they work better in nutrient-poor environments similar to natural ponds. This finding suggests that maintaining healthy environmental conditions is important for frogs to naturally resist these dangerous fungal infections.