Research Keyword: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Characterizing the Contaminant-Adhesion of a Dibenzofuran Degrader Rhodococcus sp.

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Dibenzofuran is a toxic pollutant that bacteria can degrade, but the process of bacterial adhesion to this contaminant wasn’t well understood. Researchers found that the bacterium Rhodococcus sp. strain p52 produces sticky outer coatings called extracellular polymeric substances when exposed to dibenzofuran. These coatings change the bacteria’s surface properties, making them better able to stick to and degrade the pollutant. The study reveals how bacteria naturally adapt to efficiently clean up toxic contamination.

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Using Fungi in Artificial Microbial Consortia to Solve Bioremediation Problems

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This review explores how combinations of fungi and other microorganisms can clean up polluted soil and water more effectively than using individual microbes alone. Fungi are particularly valuable because they produce powerful enzymes that can break down toxic substances like heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and plastics. By carefully designing microbial teams and sometimes immobilizing them in gels or on materials, scientists can achieve much higher removal rates of pollutants while maintaining environmental safety.

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Unlocking the biodegradative potential of native white-rot fungi: a comparative study of fiberbank organic pollutant mycoremediation

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Swedish researchers tested 26 types of white-rot fungi to clean up polluted sediments from old pulp and paper mills called fiberbanks. These contaminated sediments contain harmful chemicals and heavy metals. The study found that three fungal species, especially Diplomitoporus crustulinus, were excellent at breaking down pollutants and could tolerate the toxic environment, making them promising for environmental cleanup efforts.

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Degradation of High Concentrations of Anthracene Using White-Rot Wood-Inhabiting Fungi and Investigation of Enzyme Activities

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Scientists in Iran discovered that certain wood-decay fungi, particularly Trametes versicolor mushrooms, can effectively break down anthracene, a toxic pollutant from oil and gas industries. These fungi produce special enzymes that degrade the harmful chemical into less toxic substances. In laboratory tests, these indigenous Iranian fungi successfully removed 20-64% of high-concentration anthracene over four weeks, showing promise for cleaning up contaminated sites.

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Evaluation of resistance patterns and bioremoval efficiency of hydrocarbons and heavy metals by the mycobiome of petroleum refining wastewater in Jazan with assessment of molecular typing and cytotoxicity of Scedosporium apiospermum JAZ-20

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Scientists isolated fungi from oil refinery wastewater in Saudi Arabia and discovered that a fungus called Scedosporium apiospermum JAZ-20 is exceptionally good at removing harmful metals and oil pollutants from contaminated water. This fungus was also tested on human cancer cells and showed promise as a potential anti-cancer agent while being relatively safe. The research suggests this fungus could be used as an eco-friendly solution to clean up polluted industrial wastewater.

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Mycoremediation: Expunging environmental pollutants

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Fungi can be used to clean up environmental pollution from industrial waste, pesticides, and heavy metals. Unlike expensive chemical treatments, fungal mycoremediation is cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Fungi produce natural enzymes that break down harmful pollutants into harmless substances, making it a promising solution for protecting soil and water contamination.

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Enhancing Phenanthrene Degradation by Burkholderia sp. FM-2 with Rhamnolipid: Mechanistic Insights from Cell Surface Properties and Transcriptomic Analysis

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Scientists studied how a natural soap-like substance called rhamnolipid can help bacteria degrade phenanthrene, a dangerous pollution compound found in oil-contaminated soil. They found that the right amount of this substance makes the bacteria better at breaking down the pollutant by changing the bacteria’s surface properties and activating specific genes. The research shows promise for developing better methods to clean up contaminated environments.

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