This research explores how to turn leftover mushroom growing material into useful products. After mushrooms are harvested, significant waste remains that contains valuable sugars and lignin. The study found that shiitake mushroom waste is naturally easier to break down into sugars than oyster mushroom waste, and they developed methods to extract high-purity lignin from the leftovers. This approach could help mushroom farmers reduce waste while creating valuable materials for biofuels and other products.