plant protection – Page 2

Antifungal mechanism of nanosilver biosynthesized with Trichoderma longibrachiatum and its potential to control muskmelon Fusarium wilt

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Researchers created tiny silver particles using a beneficial fungus to fight a serious disease that damages muskmelon plants. At low doses, these silver nanoparticles killed the disease-causing fungus while actually helping the melon plants grow better and germinate faster. The silver particles work by damaging the fungus’s cell structure and triggering harmful reactive oxygen species inside fungal cells, ultimately destroying them.

Application of Nanocomposites-Based Polymers on Managing Fungal Diseases in Crop Production

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Scientists are developing tiny particles made from natural materials like chitosan to protect crops from fungal diseases. These nanoparticles work better than traditional fungicides and can be combined with metals or plant extracts to boost their effectiveness. The new approach is more environmentally friendly and can reduce crop loss caused by fungal infections while maintaining sustainable agricultural practices.

Effect of Pseudomonas protegens EMM-1 Against Rhizopus oryzae in Interactions with Mexican Autochthonous Red Maize

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Mexican red maize, an important traditional crop, is threatened by a fungus called Rhizopus oryzae that causes root damage and wilting. Researchers found that a beneficial bacterium, Pseudomonas protegens EMM-1, can effectively stop this fungal infection and help maize plants grow better. Tests showed the bacterium reduced fungal growth by over 80% and improved plant root development when grown together with the fungus.

A non-classical PUF family protein in oomycetes functions as a pre-rRNA processing regulator and a target for RNAi-based disease control

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Scientists discovered a critical protein called Puf4 in harmful water mold pathogens (oomycetes) that damage crops. When they removed this protein from the pathogens, the organisms grew poorly and couldn’t infect plants effectively. They also developed a new method to deliver therapeutic RNA directly through zoospores (swimming spores) that successfully reduced disease in infected plants, offering an eco-friendly alternative to traditional pesticides.

Cytophysiological manifestations of wheat’s defense reactions against stem rust induced by the biofungicide Novochizol

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Scientists studied how a new plant-based product called Novochizol helps wheat plants defend themselves against stem rust, a destructive fungal disease. When wheat seedlings were treated with Novochizol before being exposed to the rust fungus, the plants showed strong defensive reactions including increased production of protective hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds. The treatment significantly reduced the number and size of rust pustules (infection spots) on susceptible wheat plants, effectively converting them to a more resistant state without harming the plants.

Elucidation of Twig Canker and Shoot Blight (TCSB) in Peach Caused by Diaporthe amygdali in the North of Italy in Emilia-Romagna

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Peach trees in northern Italy are suffering from a disease called twig canker and shoot blight caused by a fungus called Diaporthe amygdali. This research identified and characterized this fungus from affected orchards, studying how it grows at different temperatures to better understand and control the disease. The fungus grows best around 23-24°C and can survive extreme heat above 50°C. These findings will help fruit growers develop better strategies to protect their peach crops.

Impact of Various Essential Oils on the Development of Pathogens of the Fusarium Genus and on Health and Germination Parameters of Winter Wheat and Maize

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Researchers tested whether essential oils from common herbs like thyme, sage, and cumin could protect wheat and corn seeds from fungal diseases. Thyme oil worked best at killing the harmful fungi, but it also slowed down seed sprouting. The study suggests these natural oils could replace chemical fungicides in farming, though farmers need to carefully choose which oil and how much to use.

Volatile Metabolome and Transcriptomic Analysis of Kosakonia cowanii Ch1 During Competitive Interaction with Sclerotium rolfsii Reveals New Biocontrol Insights

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This research demonstrates how a beneficial bacterium called Kosakonia cowanii Ch1 can fight a harmful fungus that damages crops. The bacterium produces volatile chemicals that inhibit fungal growth and shows different gene activity depending on whether these chemicals are present. When the beneficial bacteria and fungus compete together with the volatiles present, the bacteria win by producing gas bubbles and effectively stopping the fungus. These findings suggest a natural alternative to chemical fungicides for protecting crops.

Research Keyword: plant protection