plant disease management – Page 2

Isolation and Identification of Endophytic Bacterium B5 from Mentha haplocalyx Briq. and Its Biocontrol Mechanisms Against Alternaria alternata-Induced Tobacco Brown Spot

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Scientists discovered a beneficial bacterium called Bacillus velezensis in mint plants that can fight tobacco brown spot disease caused by a fungus. This bacterium works by producing natural antifungal compounds and enzymes that damage the fungus, and it helps boost the plant’s own defense systems. In greenhouse tests, this bacterial treatment was as effective as commercial chemical fungicides, offering farmers a safer, more environmentally friendly option for protecting their tobacco crops.

Identification and virulence factors prediction of Didymella segeticola causing leaf spot disease in Asarum heterotropoides in China

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Researchers identified a fungus called Didymella segeticola as the cause of a leaf spot disease affecting Chinese wild ginger, a valuable medicinal plant grown in northeastern China. The disease is causing significant crop losses, with up to 75% of fields affected. Scientists analyzed the fungus’s genes and identified 87 proteins that help it cause disease, which could help develop better ways to prevent the disease in the future.

Sunlight-sensitive carbon dots for plant immunity priming and pathogen defence

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Scientists developed special tiny carbon particles that respond to sunlight by producing molecules that strengthen plant defenses against fungi. When sprayed on plants like tomato and tobacco, these particles trigger the plant’s natural immune system, reducing fungal diseases by 12-44% without harming the plant. At higher concentrations with continuous sunlight, the particles can directly kill fungal pathogens. This eco-friendly approach offers a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides while maintaining crop yields.

Hass Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Peel Extract Reveals Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties against Verticillium theobromae, Colletotrichum musae, and Aspergillus niger Pathogens Affecting Musa acuminata Colla Species, in Ecuador

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Researchers tested whether avocado peel waste could help protect banana crops from fungal diseases. They extracted beneficial compounds from avocado peels and tested them against three harmful fungi that affect bananas. The results showed the extract worked best against one type of fungus and had good antioxidant properties, suggesting avocado peel could be a natural and sustainable way to protect banana crops.

In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects and transcriptional reactions of graphene oxide on Verticillium dahliae

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Scientists discovered that graphene oxide, a nanomaterial, can effectively kill or inhibit the growth of Verticillium dahliae, a harmful fungus that causes wilt disease in cotton and other crops. The graphene oxide works by damaging the fungus’s cell membranes and disrupting its ability to grow and spread. When applied to cotton plants infected with this fungus, graphene oxide treatment reduced disease symptoms and prevented the fungus from multiplying. This research suggests graphene oxide could become a valuable alternative to chemical fungicides for controlling this destructive plant disease.

Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma Ghanense and Trichoderma Citrinoviride toward Pythium aphanidermatum

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Researchers identified two native Trichoderma fungi species that can protect cucumber plants from a destructive soil disease caused by Pythium. In laboratory and greenhouse tests, these beneficial fungi blocked pathogen growth and significantly improved plant survival and growth compared to untreated plants. These findings suggest these natural fungi could replace harmful chemical fungicides for protecting cucumbers and other crops.

Screening, Identification, and Fermentation Optimization of the Antagonistic Actinomycete Strain TCS21-117 Against Botrytis cinerea

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Scientists isolated a beneficial bacterium called Streptomyces roietensis from soil that effectively fights gray mold, a serious fungal disease affecting crops worldwide. They identified the strain and optimized growing conditions to maximize production of antifungal compounds, achieving 93% effectiveness against gray mold. This discovery offers a natural, environmentally-friendly alternative to chemical fungicides for protecting agricultural crops, potentially reducing crop losses and environmental pollution.

Trichoderma: The Current Status of Its Application in Agriculture for the Biocontrol of Fungal Phytopathogens and Stimulation of Plant Growth

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Trichoderma is a beneficial fungus that grows naturally in soil and can protect crops from harmful fungal diseases while promoting plant growth. It works through multiple mechanisms including directly attacking pathogenic fungi, competing for nutrients, and boosting the plant’s own defense systems. With over 77 commercial products already available, Trichoderma offers a promising sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides for protecting major world crops.

Different Infection Structures and Point Mutation of Diaporthe citri Showing Resistant against Systemic Fungicides

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Citrus melanose, a serious fungal disease affecting citrus crops, is increasingly difficult to control due to the development of fungicide-resistant fungal strains. This study examined how resistant and susceptible Diaporthe citri strains respond to two common fungicides. The researchers found that resistant strains have genetic mutations that allow them to overcome fungicide treatments, particularly a specific change in the β-tubulin gene. Understanding these resistance mechanisms is crucial for developing better strategies to manage citrus diseases.

Biocontrol of citrus fungal pathogens by lipopeptides produced by Bacillus velezensis TZ01

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Scientists discovered a beneficial bacterium called Bacillus velezensis that can protect citrus fruits from harmful fungi. This bacterium produces natural compounds called lipopeptides that kill disease-causing fungi without the need for chemical fungicides. The lipopeptides are stable and effective across different environmental conditions, making them promising for use in citrus farming as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional pesticides.

Research Keyword: plant disease management