phylogenetic analysis – Page 8

L-gulono-γ-lactone Oxidase, the Key Enzyme for L-Ascorbic Acid Biosynthesis

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Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is essential for human health, protecting against disease and supporting numerous body functions. However, humans cannot make their own vitamin C because we lack a functional GULO enzyme gene. This review examines how different organisms produce vitamin C, where these enzymes work in cells, and recent discoveries showing that a simplified version of the enzyme can still work effectively, which could help improve vitamin C production in engineered plants.

Two Cases of Curvularia geniculata Keratitis Successfully Treated with Natamycin-Based Therapy

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This report describes two patients who developed rare fungal eye infections caused by Curvularia geniculata after eye injuries. Both patients were successfully treated with antifungal eye drops, particularly natamycin. Molecular testing confirmed the specific fungus causing the infection. Both patients recovered well with excellent vision restoration, demonstrating that proper diagnosis and targeted antifungal treatment can effectively manage this rare condition.

Two Novel Exophiala Species Isolated from Galls on the Chinese Magnolia-Vine (Schisandra Chinensis) in Korea

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Scientists in Korea discovered two previously unknown types of black yeast fungi living inside galls (abnormal growths) on Chinese magnolia vines caused by tiny gall midge insects. Using genetic testing and microscopic examination, they identified these as entirely new species of fungi. These fungi appear to have beneficial relationships with their host plants, potentially helping them grow better and resist environmental stress. This discovery adds to our understanding of the diverse fungal species in Korea and their interactions with plants and insects.

First Report of Colletotrichum kahawae Causing Anthracnose on Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) in China and Biological Characterization of the Pathogen

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Researchers discovered a serious fungal disease affecting buckwheat crops in China caused by Colletotrichum kahawae, a fungus that ranks among the world’s most damaging plant pathogens. Through laboratory tests, they identified the fungus and determined its optimal growth conditions and which other crops it can infect, including wheat, oats, potatoes, and maize. This is the first time this particular fungus has been reported on buckwheat, and the findings will help farmers develop strategies to prevent and manage the disease.

Seimatosporium chinense, a Novel Pestalotioid Fungus Associated with Yellow Rose Branch Canker Disease

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Researchers identified a new fungal disease affecting ornamental yellow roses in China. The disease causes branch cankers (sunken lesions) and was caused by a previously unknown fungus species named Seimatosporium chinense. By examining the fungus under microscopes and analyzing its DNA, scientists distinguished this new species from similar fungi. This discovery helps understand and manage diseases affecting ornamental rose plants.

The complete mitochondrial genome of medicinally important wood-decaying fungus Tyromyces fissilis within the family Incrustoporiaceae, Polyporales

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Scientists have sequenced the complete genetic blueprint of a wood-rotting mushroom called Tyromyces fissilis for the first time. This fungus is medicinally important and has the ability to break down wood and produce therapeutic compounds. By analyzing its mitochondrial genome and comparing it with related fungi, researchers found that it is most closely related to another fungus called Phlebia radiata and belongs to a previously understudied fungal family. This genetic information will help scientists better understand how these fungi are related and may lead to new medical applications.

Clonostachys rosea, a Pathogen of Brown Rot in Gastrodia elata in China

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Researchers in China identified a fungus called Clonostachys rosea as the cause of brown rot disease affecting Gastrodia elata (Tian Ma), an important medicinal orchid plant. The disease causes brown spots on tubers that expand and darken, significantly reducing crop yield and quality. The study involved detailed examination of the fungus under microscopes, genetic analysis, and confirmation that the fungus could cause disease in healthy plants. These findings will help farmers prevent and control this disease through proper soil management and selection of healthy seed tubers.

Isolation, identification and antibacterial activity of endophytes from the seeds of Panax japonicus

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Researchers isolated and identified 10 different microorganisms (7 fungi and 3 bacteria) living inside Panax japonicus seeds. They found that a specific type of bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas) may help promote seed growth, while certain fungi may inhibit it. The study also determined the best way to sterilize seeds before experimentation, which is important for studying plant propagation of this valuable medicinal herb.

New Species of Ascomycetes from Two Hypersaline Endorheic Lagoon Complexes in Zaragoza Province (Aragon Community, Spain)

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Scientists discovered three new species of fungi living in extremely salty lagoons in Spain. These fungi were identified using both traditional microscopy and DNA analysis. The research also reorganized how some existing fungi are classified scientifically. This study helps us better understand the hidden microbial life in salt lakes around the world.

Essential role of sugar transporters BbStp13 in fungal virulence, conidiation, and cell wall integrity in entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana

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Scientists studied a fungal protein called BbStp13 that helps a beneficial fungus called Beauveria bassiana attack insect pests. When this protein was removed, the fungus produced fewer spores and couldn’t infect insects as effectively, especially when sugar was scarce. The protein also helps the fungus protect itself from the insect’s immune system. Understanding this protein could help make the fungus better at pest control.

Research Keyword: phylogenetic analysis