phylogenetic analysis – Page 33

The frequency distribution of Aspergillus section Nigri from clinical and environmental samples in Iran

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Researchers studied black mold species (Aspergillus section Nigri) found in hospitals and the environment across Iran. They identified eight different species and found that certain types like A. welwitschiae were more common in ear infections while A. tubingensis was more prevalent in soil and air. These findings are important because some of these molds cause serious infections in humans and understanding where they live helps doctors predict and treat infections.

Disseminated Lichtheimia ramosa infection in a Japanese Black calf

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A young beef calf developed severe diarrhea and fever that did not respond to multiple antibiotics. The calf had an underdeveloped immune system (missing thymus gland) and was treated with many antibiotics and steroids, which weakened its immune system further. After death, examination revealed the calf had a widespread fungal infection caused by Lichtheimia ramosa in the liver and digestive tract, representing the first documented case of this type in Japanese Black cattle.

Biocontrol Potential of Bacillus velezensis RS65 Against Phytophthora infestans: A Sustainable Strategy for Managing Tomato Late Blight

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Researchers tested 30 soil bacteria from tomato roots to find natural disease fighters. They discovered that Bacillus velezensis RS65, a beneficial bacterium, effectively prevents tomato late blight by producing enzymes and toxins that kill the fungal pathogen. In greenhouse tests, plants treated with RS65 had half the disease severity compared to untreated plants, suggesting this bacteria could replace chemical fungicides in sustainable tomato farming.

Taxonomic Study of Sixteen Unrecorded and Five New Species of Hypocreales from the Korean Marine Environment

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Researchers in South Korea discovered 21 previously unknown species of fungi living in marine environments like ocean sediments and seaweed. They identified 5 completely new species and 16 species that had never been recorded in Korea before. These fungi belong to a group called Hypocreales that can be found in various ocean habitats and may have potential uses in medicine and agriculture.

Genome Sequencing of Three Pathogenic Fungi Provides Insights into the Evolution and Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Cobweb Disease on Cultivated Mushrooms

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This research sequenced the DNA of three fungi that cause cobweb disease, a serious problem in mushroom farming that can destroy entire crops. Scientists discovered that these fungi spread disease by producing special enzymes that break down mushroom cell walls and releasing toxic compounds. By understanding the genetic basis of how these fungi attack mushrooms, researchers can now develop better strategies to prevent infection and protect valuable mushroom crops.

Molecular Identification, Mycelial Growth Kinetics, and Antimicrobial Potential of Newly Isolated Medicinal Mushroom Fomitopsis pinicola from Bulgaria

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Scientists isolated and studied a medicinal mushroom called Fomitopsis pinicola from Bulgaria. They confirmed its identity using DNA analysis and tested how well it grows on different nutrient media. The mushroom showed strong antimicrobial effects against disease-causing bacteria, especially when extracted with water, making it a promising candidate for developing new antibiotics to fight antibiotic-resistant infections.

A Novel Subspecies of Didymella acutilobae Causing Leaf Spot in East Asian Hogweed

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Researchers identified a new fungal disease affecting East Asian hogweed, an edible herb used in traditional medicine. The disease, called leaf spot, was caused by a previously unknown subspecies of fungus named Didymella acutilobae subsp. heraclei. Using genetic analysis and laboratory testing, scientists confirmed this fungus is responsible for infecting hogweed plants in Korean fields. Understanding this pathogen is important for protecting this valuable medicinal plant.

Four New or Newly Recorded Species from Freshwater Habitats in Jiangxi Province, China

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Scientists surveying freshwater streams in Jiangxi Province, China discovered four fungal species new to the region. Three of these species had never been described before, while one was recorded in China for the first time. Using both microscope observations and DNA analysis, researchers confirmed these findings and classified them within the fungal families Pleurotheciaceae and Pseudodactylariaceae. These discoveries demonstrate how much fungal diversity still remains undiscovered in freshwater ecosystems.

A Chromosome-Scale Genome of Trametes versicolor and Transcriptome-Based Screening for Light-Induced Genes That Promote Triterpene Biosynthesis

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Scientists created a detailed map of the Trametes versicolor mushroom’s genetic code using advanced sequencing technologies. This medicinal mushroom is known for cancer-fighting and immune-boosting properties. The research discovered that light exposure increases the production of beneficial compounds called triterpenes, which may explain how this mushroom’s medicinal qualities work and could help scientists grow it more effectively.

Blue-stain fungus from the Jurassic provides new insights into early evolution and ecological interactions

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Scientists discovered a fossilized blue-stain fungus from the Jurassic period in China, pushing back the earliest known record of these fungi by 80 million years. Blue-stain fungi are wood-colonizing organisms that cause discoloration in trees and can accelerate tree death when paired with wood-boring insects. This discovery reveals that these fungi and their relationships with insects evolved much earlier than previously thought, providing new understanding of ancient forest ecosystems and the evolution of fungal-insect interactions.

Research Keyword: phylogenetic analysis