phylogenetic analysis – Page 26

Postharvest Disease Management of ‘Akizuki’ Pear in China: Identification of Fungal Pathogens and Control Efficacy of Chlorine Dioxide

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Researchers identified four types of fungi that cause rot in ‘Akizuki’ pears during storage: Alternaria alternata, Diaporthe eres, and two types of Penicillium. They tested chlorine dioxide gas as a treatment and found it effectively stopped the fungi from growing without harming the fruit. This discovery offers a safer, more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional fungicide chemicals for keeping stored pears fresh longer.

Morpho-phylogenetic evidence reveals novel hyphomycetous fungi on medicinal plants in Southwestern China

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Researchers discovered 12 new species of fungi growing on medicinal plants in Southwestern China. These fungi were identified using a combination of physical characteristics and genetic analysis. The findings help us understand the fungal communities associated with medicinal plants and may have implications for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicines.

High-Resolution Melting assays development for discrimination of fungal pathogens causing Grapevine Trunk Diseases

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Grapevine Trunk Diseases cause major losses in vineyards worldwide but are difficult to diagnose early because symptoms may not appear for years. This study developed fast and affordable DNA-based tests called HRM assays that can identify ten different disease-causing fungi in grapevines. These tests work by analyzing DNA melting patterns and can even detect infections before symptoms appear, helping vineyard managers make better decisions about plant treatment and removal.

Comparison of the Filamentous Fungi Library v4.0 MALDI Biotyper Platform vs MSI-2 performance for identifying filamentous fungi from liquid cultures

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This study compared two advanced technologies for identifying dangerous fungi in clinical samples. The MALDI Biotyper FFLv4.0 system identified about 96% of fungi correctly when using liquid culture samples, outperforming the MSI-2 database which identified about 78.5%. Both systems had difficulty with certain difficult-to-distinguish species, especially within Aspergillus and Fusarium groups, but performed well with Mucorales fungi. The findings suggest that continuous updating of these fungal identification libraries is essential for improving patient care.

Antifungal effect of soil Bacillus bacteria on pathogenic species of the fungal genera Aspergillus and Trichophyton

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Researchers found that certain bacteria called Bacillus, naturally occurring in soil, can effectively kill dangerous fungi that cause infections in humans. These bacteria produce compounds that are as effective or more effective than standard antifungal medications. This discovery could lead to new treatments for fungal infections, especially as fungi increasingly develop resistance to current drugs.

Molecular epidemiology, diversity, and antifungal susceptibility profiles of clinical and environmental mucorales: a five-year multicenter study in Iran (2018–2023)

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This research examined dangerous mold infections (Mucormycosis) that became more common after COVID-19. Scientists identified the types of molds causing these infections in Iran by testing 116 patient samples and 65 soil samples from across the country. They tested these molds against 13 different antifungal medications to find which drugs work best. The results showed that amphotericin B and posaconazole were the most effective medications, and patient samples were more susceptible to these drugs than environmental soil samples.

Low temperature, mechanical wound, and exogenous salicylic acid (SA) can stimulate the SA signaling molecule as well as its downstream pathway and the formation of fruiting bodies in Flammulina filiformis

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Researchers studied how cooling, physical damage, and a plant hormone called salicylic acid can trigger fruiting body formation in an edible mushroom called Flammulina filiformis. They discovered that these treatments activate specific genes in the mushroom that control fruit production. This research helps explain why mushroom farmers use these methods and could improve mushroom cultivation efficiency.

Bacillus velezensis LMY3-5 for the biocontrol of soft rot in kiwifruit: antifungal action and underlying mechanisms

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Scientists discovered a beneficial bacteria called Bacillus velezensis that can effectively prevent soft rot disease in kiwifruit, which causes serious damage during storage. The bacteria works by producing natural antimicrobial compounds that damage the fungal pathogen’s cell walls and membranes, stopping it from growing. This biocontrol approach offers an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fungicides, reducing pesticide residues while maintaining fruit quality and safety.

Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of yeast strains isolated from dairy products in Isfahan, Iran

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Researchers tested 155 dairy product samples from Isfahan, Iran to identify yeast species present. They found 11 different yeast species, with some beneficial for flavor and fermentation, and others potentially harmful. Notably, a pathogenic yeast called Candida orthopsilosis was found in industrial milk and cheese, suggesting the need for better sanitation practices in dairy processing facilities.

Essential Oils as an Antifungal Alternative to Control Several Species of Fungi Isolated from Musa paradisiaca: Part III

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This research tested how essential oils from common cooking herbs like oregano, thyme, and cinnamon can prevent fungal diseases on bananas after harvest. Scientists identified five different fungi causing banana rot, then tested six plant-based oils at different strengths to see which ones worked best. Thyme oil was most effective, completely stopping fungal growth at the highest concentration tested. These natural oils could replace harsh chemical fungicides while being safer for people and the environment.

Research Keyword: phylogenetic analysis