pharmacokinetics – Page 3

Sandalwood Sesquiterpene (Z)-α-Santalol Exhibits In Vivo Efficacy Against Madurella mycetomatis in Galleria mellonella Larvae

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Researchers tested sandalwood compounds against a fungal infection that causes a tropical disease called eumycetoma. Using a laboratory model with wax moth larvae infected with the fungus, they found that a specific compound called (Z)-α-santalol significantly extended the survival of infected larvae. This compound was more effective than current antifungal drugs and showed promise as a potential new treatment for this neglected tropical disease.

Breakthrough Invasive Mould Infections Under Posaconazole Prophylaxis in Patients With Haematologic Malignancies: A Case–Control Study

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This study examined cases where patients receiving posaconazole to prevent fungal infections still developed serious mould infections despite the medication. Researchers compared 29 patients who developed these breakthrough infections with 46 control patients who did not. They found that over half of patients with breakthrough infections died, compared to only 20% of controls, and that surgical treatment significantly improved survival for certain types of fungal infections.

Past, present and future of antifungals: Advancements in mechanisms of action and resistance

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Fungal infections are a growing global health threat, especially for people with weakened immune systems, causing millions of deaths annually. Currently available antifungal drugs are limited and increasingly face resistance, making them less effective over time. This special collection of research papers explores new approaches to treating fungal infections, including novel drugs, combination therapies, and alternative treatments to overcome resistance. Scientists and doctors hope these advances will help save more lives by providing better options for treating serious fungal diseases.

Efficacy of Rezafungin on Candida albicans Endophthalmitis in a Rabbit Model

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Researchers tested a new antifungal medication called rezafungin to treat a serious eye infection caused by the fungus Candida albicans. Using rabbit models, they found that rezafungin was much more effective than two other antifungal drugs at clearing the infection from the eye and preventing damage to vision. The drug’s ability to work for longer periods with less frequent dosing makes it a promising candidate for treating this devastating infection in patients.

Ganoderic Acid A targeting leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 involved in Parkinson’s disease–A computational study

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Researchers used computer modeling to test five compounds from Reishi mushrooms against a protein called LRRK2 that is linked to Parkinson’s disease. Ganoderic Acid A showed the strongest binding to this target protein and could potentially be developed into a treatment. The findings suggest that Reishi mushroom compounds may help protect brain cells from the degeneration seen in Parkinson’s disease and warrant further laboratory and animal testing.

Isavuconazole: Need for therapeutic drug monitoring and CYP polymorphism testing

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A patient with a serious fungal infection of the sinuses caused by Rhizopus arrhizus received the antifungal drug isavuconazole. However, blood tests showed the drug was building up to dangerously high levels in her body. Genetic testing revealed she had a mutation that made her body unable to break down the drug normally. The doctors had to give her much smaller and less frequent doses while carefully monitoring her drug levels to keep her safe.

Efficacy of Rezafungin on Candida albicans Endophthalmitis in a Rabbit Model

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Researchers tested a new antifungal drug called rezafungin against a serious eye infection caused by Candida fungus in rabbits. Rezafungin performed much better than two other commonly used antifungal drugs, completely eliminating the fungus from the eye while preventing infection-related damage. The drug’s ability to be given weekly instead of daily makes it more practical for treating patients with severe fungal eye infections.

Sandalwood Sesquiterpene (Z)-α-Santalol Exhibits In Vivo Efficacy Against Madurella mycetomatis in Galleria mellonella Larvae

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Researchers tested sandalwood oil components against a fungal disease called eumycetoma that causes serious skin infections, especially in tropical regions. They found that one component called (Z)-α-santalol was highly effective at killing the fungus and extending survival in laboratory-infected moth larvae, while actually being relatively safe. This natural compound shows promise as a potential new treatment for this neglected disease that currently relies on expensive drugs that are only 40% effective.

Antifungal Agents in the 21st Century: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

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This review examines how doctors treat serious fungal infections and the growing problem of fungi becoming resistant to medications. The authors discuss different antifungal drugs, how they work, and why some fungi are becoming harder to treat. They emphasize that controlling fungal resistance requires coordinated efforts across hospitals, farms, and communities, especially since some agricultural pesticides are creating resistant strains that spread to sick patients.

Liposomal amphotericin B prophylaxis in paediatrics: a systematic review

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This review examined how well liposomal amphotericin B (a fungal medication) works to prevent serious fungal infections in children. Researchers looked at 20 studies involving over 2000 children and found that about 7% still developed fungal infections despite the medication, with common side effects being low potassium levels and liver problems. The main finding is that doctors use this medication in very different ways, and we need better research to figure out the best dosing strategy for children.

Research Keyword: pharmacokinetics