phagocytosis – mycolab.ai

Activation of chicken macrophages by isomalto/malto-polysaccharide (IMMP) is facilitated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

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Researchers studied how a natural carbohydrate called IMMP can boost chicken immune cells called macrophages. They found that IMMP activates these immune cells through a receptor called TLR4, making them more effective at fighting infections. This suggests IMMP could be added to poultry feed as a natural alternative to antibiotics to improve gut health and disease resistance in chickens.

Immunomodulatory function of chitosan is dependent on complement receptor 3

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This study reveals how the human immune system recognizes chitosan, a natural component found in the walls of disease-causing fungi like Aspergillus and Cryptococcus. Researchers discovered that immune cells use a protein called CR3 on their surface to detect and respond to chitosan by producing inflammatory chemicals that help fight infection. When chitosan works together with fungal proteins, it can boost the immune system’s response even more effectively, suggesting new ways to enhance immunity against fungal infections.

Acidic pH Modulates Cell Wall and Melanization in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Affecting Macrophage Interaction

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A dangerous fungal infection called paracoccidioidomycosis affects people in Latin America. Researchers found that when this fungus encounters acidic conditions similar to those inside immune cells in the body, it protects itself by producing a dark pigment called melanin and changing its cell surface. These changes help the fungus hide from the immune system and reduce the ability of immune cells called macrophages to attack and destroy it.

Hyphal swelling induced in the phagosome of macrophages

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When Candida albicans yeast cells are engulfed by immune cells called macrophages, they transform into thread-like hyphae. Researchers discovered that these hyphae sometimes develop swollen, bulbous compartments rather than maintaining their normal shape. Surprisingly, these swollen fungal cells survive much better inside the hostile macrophage environment than normal-shaped hyphae. This swelling appears to be a clever survival strategy that helps the fungus resist being killed by the immune system.

Pathogenic characterization of Phialophora submersa, a new black yeast isolated from freshwater sediments in Spain

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Scientists discovered a new black yeast fungus called Phialophora submersa in Spanish river sediments and tested whether it could infect humans. Using laboratory macrophage (immune cell) models, they found that this environmental fungus exhibits pathogenic potential similar to known disease-causing Phialophora species, though at intermediate levels. The fungus showed resistance to some antifungal drugs and displayed strain-dependent ability to survive various stress conditions. This research suggests that environmental fungal species may pose unexpected health risks despite not being able to grow at normal human body temperature.

Research Keyword: phagocytosis

Activation of chicken macrophages by isomalto/malto-polysaccharide (IMMP) is facilitated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

Immunomodulatory function of chitosan is dependent on complement receptor 3

Acidic pH Modulates Cell Wall and Melanization in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, Affecting Macrophage Interaction

Hyphal swelling induced in the phagosome of macrophages

Pathogenic characterization of Phialophora submersa, a new black yeast isolated from freshwater sediments in Spain