pattern recognition receptors

Synergistic immuno-modulatory activity in human macrophages of a medicinal mushroom formulation consisting of Reishi, Shiitake and Maitake

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Researchers studied a combination of three medicinal mushroom extracts to see if they work better together than separately. They tested this formula on human immune cells called macrophages and found that the combination was significantly more powerful at boosting immune responses than any single mushroom extract alone. This synergistic effect means the three mushrooms enhance each other’s immune-stimulating properties, suggesting this formula combination could have potential therapeutic benefits for immune support.

Medicinal Mushrooms as Multicomponent Mixtures—Demonstrated with the Example of Lentinula edodes

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Shiitake mushrooms are more than just tasty food—they contain numerous compounds that work together to improve health. Unlike single isolated drugs, whole mushroom preparations offer multiple benefits including boosting immunity, protecting the heart, and potentially supporting cancer treatment. These mushrooms have been used safely in Asian medicine for over 2000 years and are becoming recognized worldwide for their health-promoting properties.

Gut Microbiome and Immune System Crosstalk in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities

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Your gut contains trillions of bacteria that play a crucial role in keeping your immune system balanced. When this bacterial community becomes imbalanced (dysbiosis), it can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases like arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and lupus. Recent research shows that restoring a healthy gut microbiota through diet, probiotics, prebiotics, or fecal transplants may help treat these conditions by reducing inflammation and strengthening the gut barrier.

Evaluation of Immune Modulation by β-1,3; 1,6 D-Glucan Derived from Ganoderma lucidum in Healthy Adult Volunteers, A Randomized Controlled Trial

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A study tested whether a supplement made from Reishi mushroom could boost immune system function in healthy adults. Over 84 days, people taking the Reishi β-glucan supplement showed significant improvements in immune cells and antibodies compared to those taking a placebo. The supplement was safe and well-tolerated with no negative side effects, suggesting it may help strengthen the body’s natural defenses against infections.

Activation of chicken macrophages by isomalto/malto-polysaccharide (IMMP) is facilitated by toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)

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Researchers studied how a natural carbohydrate called IMMP can boost chicken immune cells called macrophages. They found that IMMP activates these immune cells through a receptor called TLR4, making them more effective at fighting infections. This suggests IMMP could be added to poultry feed as a natural alternative to antibiotics to improve gut health and disease resistance in chickens.

Green-Synthesized Nanomaterials from Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: A Sustainable Strategy Against Antimicrobial Resistance

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Scientists are developing a new weapon against antibiotic-resistant bacteria using mushrooms. These special nanoparticles derived from edible and medicinal mushrooms can kill harmful bacteria in multiple ways without the toxic chemicals used in traditional manufacturing. The nanoparticles work by disrupting bacterial membranes, creating harmful molecules called free radicals, and even boosting your body’s natural immune response. This environmentally friendly approach could become an important tool in fighting dangerous infections that don’t respond to current antibiotics.

Dectin-1 and dectin-2 drive protection against Sporothrix brasiliensis in experimental sporotrichosis

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Scientists studied how the immune system fights a dangerous fungal infection called sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis. They found that two immune receptors called dectin-1 and dectin-2 are crucial for fighting this infection by activating specific killer T cells and preventing immune suppression. Unlike what was previously thought, these receptors don’t work mainly by triggering inflammation, but rather by fine-tuning the balance of different immune cell types. This discovery could help develop new treatments for this emerging fungal disease.

The Effect of Natural-Based Formulation (NBF) on the Response of RAW264.7 Macrophages to LPS as an In Vitro Model of Inflammation

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Researchers tested a natural mixture of five medicinal mushrooms combined with cannabidiol (CBD) on immune cells exposed to bacterial endotoxins. The formulation effectively reduced inflammatory response markers without harming the cells. These findings suggest the mixture could potentially be used to treat inflammatory conditions like asthma and arthritis, though more research is needed.

Dectin-1 and dectin-2 drive protection against Sporothrix brasiliensis in experimental sporotrichosis

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Researchers studied how the body fights a dangerous fungus called Sporothrix brasiliensis that causes sporotrichosis. They found that two immune receptors called dectin-1 and dectin-2 are crucial for protecting against this infection in mice. Surprisingly, these receptors work by activating killer immune cells and controlling regulatory immune cells, rather than through the typical immune response pathway scientists expected.

Genotype-by-genotype interactions reveal transcription patterns underlying resistance responses in Norway spruce to Heterobasidion annosum s.s

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This study examined how different types of Norway spruce trees respond to infection by a fungus that causes root rot. Researchers found that the spruce tree’s genetics are more important than the fungus’s virulence in determining disease severity. Resistant tree clones activate specific defense genes early in infection, particularly genes related to pathogen recognition, while susceptible trees mount a delayed and broader response. Understanding these genetic differences could help with breeding more resistant trees for forests.

Research Keyword: pattern recognition receptors