pathogenicity – mycolab.ai

Key sugar transporters drive development and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus

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Researchers studied how Aspergillus flavus fungus transports sugars, which is crucial for its growth, producing the toxic aflatoxin that contaminates crops like corn and peanuts. By removing genes responsible for sugar transport, they found that the fungus became weak, couldn’t infect plants or animals effectively, and stopped producing the dangerous aflatoxin. This discovery could help develop new strategies to prevent aflatoxin contamination in food and reduce serious fungal infections in humans.

Effects of Thifluzamide Treatment on the Production of Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes in Rhizoctonia solani and Phenylpropane Metabolism in Pear Fruit

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A new fungicide called thifluzamide was tested on pear fruits infected with a fungus that causes rot. The fungicide works in two ways: it stops the fungus from producing enzymes that break down plant cell walls, and it boosts the pear’s natural defense system by increasing protective compounds like flavonoids and phenolic acids. This dual action makes thifluzamide a promising treatment for preventing fruit rot during storage and transport.

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

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Pestalotiopsis microspora is a fungus that causes diseases on many cultivated and wild plants including avocado, banana, and kiwi fruit. It has been found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide and was recently detected in the Netherlands. The fungus can enter the EU through infected plants, fruits, and contaminated soil from other countries. European scientists have determined it meets criteria to be classified as a quarantine pest requiring special phytosanitary measures to prevent its introduction.

Transcriptome sequencing reveals Vmplc1 involved in regulating the pathogenicity of Valsa Mali under low temperature induction

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Apple trees suffer from a fungal disease called Valsa canker that becomes more severe in cold weather. Scientists discovered that the fungus has a special protein called Vmplc1 that acts like a temperature sensor, telling the fungus to produce more aggressive enzymes when it’s cold. When researchers disabled this protein, the fungus lost its ability to damage apple trees during cold periods. This discovery helps explain why the disease is worse in spring and could lead to better disease management strategies.

First Report of Ganoderma ryvardenii causing Basal Stem Rot (BSR) disease on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in Ghana

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Oil palm is a valuable crop, but a fungal disease called basal stem rot (BSR) causes serious damage and economic losses. Researchers in Ghana discovered that a fungus species called Ganoderma ryvardenii is causing BSR disease on oil palms, marking the first time this pathogen has been found in West Africa. The study used modern genetic testing to identify the fungus and proved it causes the disease by infecting oil palm seedlings in controlled conditions.

Retromer Regulates Macro- and Micro-Autophagy via Distinct Vacuolar Proteases in the Rice Blast Fungus

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Rice blast disease causes significant crop damage worldwide. This research reveals how a cellular transport system called the retromer complex helps the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae develop and infect plants by delivering cleaning enzymes to the fungal cell’s digestive compartment. By understanding how these enzymes are transported and used, scientists have identified potential targets for developing better ways to control and prevent rice blast disease.

NtCML19 Is Recruited by Tobacco to Interact With the Deacetylase Protein RsDN3377 of Rhizoctonia solani AG3-TB, Inhibiting Fungal Infection

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Tobacco plants are under attack from a fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Scientists discovered that this fungus produces a protein called RsDN3377 that helps it grow and infect plants. However, tobacco plants have evolved a defense protein called NtCML19 that recognizes RsDN3377 and triggers an immune response to fight off the infection. By engineering tobacco plants to produce more NtCML19, researchers showed they could make the plants more resistant to the disease, suggesting a potential new strategy for protecting crops.

Identification of bacterial communities associated with needle mushroom (Flammulina filiformis) and its production environment

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Researchers studied the bacteria living in needle mushroom farms in China to understand which microbes help mushrooms grow well and which ones cause diseases. They found that farms in different regions have different bacterial communities, with some bacteria being beneficial while others cause rot and disease. By identifying these bacteria, the study provides information to help farmers grow healthier, safer mushrooms through better farming practices.

Draft genome sequence data of Fusarium verticillioides strain REC01, a phytopathogen isolated from a Peruvian maize

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Researchers sequenced the genome of a fungus that causes rot disease in corn plants, specifically from samples found in Peru. The fungus produces toxins that harm both human and animal health and reduces crop yields. By analyzing the fungus’s genetic code and comparing it with other strains, scientists can better understand how it causes disease and develop better strategies to protect corn crops.

The Global Secondary Metabolite Regulator AcLaeA Modulates Aspergillus carbonarius Virulence, Ochratoxin Biosynthesis, and the Mode of Action of Biopesticides and Essential Oils

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Grapes can be infected with a fungus called Aspergillus carbonarius that produces a dangerous toxin called ochratoxin A. Scientists studied a regulatory gene called AcLaeA that controls toxin production in this fungus. By deleting this gene, the fungus became less virulent and produced much less toxin. Natural products like cinnamon and thyme oils, along with commercial biocontrol products, were found to reduce toxin production by suppressing this regulatory gene, offering promising natural alternatives to chemical fungicides.

Research Keyword: pathogenicity