oxidative stress – Page 8

Antifungal Activity of Selected Naphthoquinones and Their Synergistic Combination with Amphotericin B Against Cryptococcus neoformans H99

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Researchers tested five compounds called naphthoquinones for their ability to fight a dangerous fungal infection called cryptococcosis. They found that one compound called 2-MNQ works especially well when combined with the standard antifungal drug amphotericin B, making the treatment more effective. This discovery could lead to better treatments for people with weakened immune systems who are vulnerable to this infection.

Ganoderma lucidum and Robinia pseudoacacia Flower Extract Complex Alleviates Kidney Inflammation and Fibrosis by Modulating Oxidative Stress

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Researchers studied a natural supplement made from reishi mushroom and black locust flower to treat kidney disease. In laboratory and animal tests, this supplement reduced kidney damage by lowering harmful molecules called free radicals and controlling inflammation. The supplement worked by blocking specific pathways that cause kidney inflammation and scarring, suggesting it could be a helpful natural treatment for people with chronic kidney disease.

Diet-Derived Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) Induce Muscle Wasting In Vitro, and a Standardized Vaccinium macrocarpon Extract Restrains AGE Formation and AGE-Dependent C2C12 Myotube Atrophy

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This research shows that processed foods high in sugar and fat create harmful compounds called AGEs that can cause muscle loss and weakness. Cranberry extract, which contains natural antioxidants, was found to be particularly effective at blocking AGE formation and preventing muscle cell damage. The study suggests that eating foods containing cranberry extract might help prevent age-related muscle loss and the negative effects of unhealthy Western diets on muscle health.

Multi-omics Analysis of Experimentally Evolved Candida auris Isolates Reveals Modulation of Sterols, Sphingolipids, and Oxidative Stress in Acquired Amphotericin B Resistance

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Researchers studied how the fungus Candida auris develops resistance to amphotericin B, an important antifungal drug. By evolving two laboratory strains of this fungus under drug pressure, they discovered two different ways the fungus can become resistant: one through stress management genes, the other through changes in its protective lipids. These findings help explain why some clinical infections with this dangerous fungus are so hard to treat.

Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Trichoderma harzianum and its bio-efficacy on Alternaria brassicae

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Scientists have developed an eco-friendly way to create zinc oxide nanoparticles using a beneficial fungus called Trichoderma harzianum. These nanoparticles effectively kill Alternaria brassicae, a fungus that damages mustard crops and can reduce yields by up to 57%. The nanoparticles work better and at lower doses than traditional chemical fungicides, making them a promising sustainable solution for farmers. This represents an important advancement in protecting crops without harming the environment.

Integrated Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Provide Insight into Degeneration-Related Molecular Mechanisms of Morchella importuna During Repeated Subculturing

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This study explains why morel mushroom strains weaken when repeatedly grown in laboratories. Researchers found that degenerated strains lose the ability to produce protective compounds called flavonoids, which act as natural antioxidants. By understanding these molecular changes, the researchers suggest that avoiding frequent subculturing and using preservation methods like low-temperature storage could help keep morel strains healthy and productive.

Bioactive Properties of Selected European Phellinus Species: A Comprehensive Study

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This research examined 30 samples of medicinal mushrooms from the Phellinus genus collected across Europe, including Poland, Italy, Portugal, Kosovo, and North Macedonia. Scientists found that three species—Phellinus igniarius, Fomitiporia robusta, and Porodaedalea pini—are particularly rich in beneficial compounds, especially polysaccharides and antioxidants. These mushroom extracts showed impressive abilities to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria and protect cells from oxidative damage, suggesting they could become valuable sources for new medicines and functional foods.

Immunomodulatory functions of fungal melanins in respiratory infections

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Some dangerous fungi produce a dark pigment called melanin that acts like a cloak, protecting them from the body’s immune system. This review explains how melanin blocks multiple immune defenses, including suppressing warning signals to immune cells, preventing immune cells from engulfing and killing the fungi, and even absorbing harmful reactive molecules. Understanding these sneaky tactics could help scientists develop new treatments that strip away this protective cloak, making the fungi vulnerable to both the body’s natural defenses and antifungal drugs.

Global research hotspots and trends in oxidative stress-related diabetic nephropathy: a bibliometric study

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This study analyzed over 4,000 research papers published between 2014 and 2024 about how oxidative stress damages kidneys in diabetic patients. Researchers found that China and the United States lead this research field, with increasing focus on natural compounds and traditional medicines that can reduce harmful reactive oxygen species. The findings suggest future treatments for diabetic kidney disease should target oxidative stress through both conventional drugs and natural antioxidant compounds derived from plants and fungi.

Aspergillus terreus sectorization: a morphological phenomenon shedding light on amphotericin B resistance mechanism

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When Aspergillus terreus fungi are grown in laboratory conditions for extended periods, they sometimes undergo changes that make them look different and behave differently. Scientists found that these changed strains become more susceptible to amphotericin B, a common antifungal drug. By studying the genes and proteins in both the original and changed strains, researchers discovered that special proteins called P-type ATPases appear to be responsible for the fungus’s natural resistance to this drug, offering new targets for developing better antifungal treatments.

Research Keyword: oxidative stress