oxidative stress – Page 6

Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-pyroptotic properties in diabetes-associated periodontitis: A preliminary in vitro study

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Researchers studied a compound from the Flammulina velutipes mushroom (enoki mushroom) to see if it could help protect gum tissue in people with both diabetes and gum disease. Using human gum cell samples exposed to disease-simulating conditions, they found that the mushroom polysaccharides reduced cell damage, decreased inflammation, and prevented a harmful type of cell death called pyroptosis. The results suggest this mushroom compound could potentially be used as a supplementary treatment for people with diabetes-related gum disease.

Exogenous L-Arginine Enhances Pathogenicity of Alternaria alternata on Kiwifruit by Regulating Metabolisms of Nitric Oxide, Polyamines, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Cell Wall Modification

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Researchers discovered that a specific nutrient called L-arginine paradoxically makes a fungus that causes black spot on kiwifruit more dangerous at low concentrations. The fungus uses this amino acid to trigger multiple survival mechanisms including producing protective molecules and enzymes that break down plant cell walls. However, at higher concentrations, L-arginine actually inhibits the fungus, suggesting it could be used as part of a disease control strategy.

Genetic and Genomic Analysis Identifies bcltf1 as the Transcription Factor Coding Gene Mutated in Field Isolate Bc116, Deficient in Light Responses, Differentiation and Pathogenicity in Botrytis cinerea

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Researchers studied a weak strain of gray mold fungus found in Spanish vineyards to understand why it cannot infect plants when exposed to light. Using genetic analysis, they discovered that the weakness is caused by a mutation in a single gene called bcltf1, which normally helps the fungus sense light and decide when to grow or reproduce. By restoring this gene in mutant strains, scientists confirmed its importance for fungal virulence and light responses, providing insights that could eventually help develop better disease control strategies.

Functional Characterization of FgAsp, a Gene Coding an Aspartic Acid Protease in Fusarium graminearum

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Scientists studied a specific gene called FgAsp in a fungus that causes wheat disease and produces harmful toxins. By deleting this gene, they found it controls important fungal processes like growth, reproduction, and the ability to infect wheat plants. The modified fungus produced less toxin and was less harmful, suggesting this gene could be targeted to develop new fungicides to protect crops.

Oxidative Stress in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 and Its Attenuation by Herbal Remedies in Traditional Chinese Medicine: A Systematic Review

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Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 is a serious brain disease that causes movement problems and gets worse over time. Current medications help but often have unpleasant side effects. This review examined fifteen traditional Chinese herbal remedies that show promise in protecting nerve cells from damage caused by oxidative stress, a harmful chemical process in the body. These herbs work through multiple protective mechanisms and may eventually be tested in patients.

Exploring the Wound Healing Potential of Hispidin

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Hispidin, a natural compound from medicinal mushrooms, shows promise as a wound healing treatment. Research demonstrates that hispidin can kill harmful bacteria, stimulate skin cell growth and migration, reduce inflammation, and improve wound closure when applied as an ointment. The 5% hispidin ointment performed as well as or better than standard wound treatments in rat studies, with no toxic side effects observed, suggesting potential for future wound care products.

Fungus-targeted nanomicelles enable microRNA delivery for suppression of virulence in Aspergillus fumigatus as a novel antifungal approach

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Researchers developed a new way to fight dangerous fungal infections caused by Aspergillus fumigatus by using tiny particles called nanomicelles to deliver genetic material (microRNAs) directly into fungal cells. These microRNAs target and reduce the production of melanin, a protective pigment that helps the fungus resist immune attacks. By weakening this defense, the fungal cells become more vulnerable to the body’s immune system and to stress, offering a novel approach to treat serious fungal infections that have become resistant to standard antifungal drugs.

Association of mushroom consumption with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among American adults: prospective cohort study findings from NHANES III

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This study followed over 15,000 American adults for nearly 20 years and found that people who ate mushrooms had a lower risk of dying from any cause compared to those who didn’t eat mushrooms. The more mushrooms people ate, the greater the benefit. Replacing red or processed meat with mushrooms was associated with even greater longevity benefits. Mushrooms’ beneficial effects likely come from their high antioxidant content, particularly compounds called ergothioneine and glutathione.

Deletion of bZIP Transcription Factor PratfA Reveals Specialized Metabolites Potentially Regulating Stress Response in Penicillium raistrickii

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Scientists discovered that a protein called PratfA controls the production of protective compounds in a fungus (Penicillium raistrickii) that help it survive stress. By removing this protein, they found two new natural products, including one with an unusual structure. The fungus without PratfA became very sensitive to oxidative stress and couldn’t survive well, showing that this protein is important for both making protective compounds and surviving harsh conditions.

Inonotus obliquus aqueous extract prevents histopathological alterations in liver induced by environmental toxicant Microcystin

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This research shows that Chaga mushroom extract can protect the liver from damage caused by microcystin, a toxic chemical produced by cyanobacteria in water. When mice were exposed to microcystin, their livers became damaged, but treating them with Chaga mushroom extract restored normal liver function and prevented cell death. The study suggests Chaga mushroom could be used as a natural supplement to prevent liver toxicity from environmental pollutants.

Research Keyword: oxidative stress