orthogonal experimental design

Ultra-high temperature bacterial agents enhance heavy metal passivation and antibiotic degradation in compost

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This study develops a faster, more effective way to treat pig manure contaminated with both heavy metals and antibiotics. By combining special heat-loving bacteria with activated carbon and optimized moisture levels, the composting process reaches very high temperatures that accelerate both metal immobilization and antibiotic breakdown. The method successfully removes over 99% of harmful antibiotics while stabilizing heavy metals within 30 days, producing safe fertilizer that meets quality standards.

Screening and Optimization of Solid-State Fermentation for Esteya vermicola, an Entomopathogenic Fungus Against the Major Forest Pest Pine Wood Nematode

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Scientists optimized how to grow large quantities of a beneficial fungus called Esteya vermicola in solid fermentation, which kills the pine wood nematode pest that destroys pine forests. By testing different combinations of ingredients (wheat bran, corn flour, soybean flour, glucose, yeast extract, and magnesium sulfate) and environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, inoculation volume, and time), researchers increased fungal spore production more than 4-fold. These results provide a practical method for producing biopesticide products to protect pine forests from this damaging pest.

Isolation, identification and antibacterial activity of endophytes from the seeds of Panax japonicus

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This study investigated microscopic organisms living inside Panax japonicus seeds to understand why these seeds are difficult to grow. Researchers found the best way to clean the seeds and identified ten different microorganism species living in them. Most of these were fungi that may actually prevent seed germination, while certain bacteria species appear beneficial for plant growth and could potentially be used to improve seed cultivation in the future.

Optimization of cultural conditions for pectinase production by Diaporthe isolate Z1-1N and its pathogenicity on kiwifruit

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Researchers studied a fungus called Diaporthe that causes soft rot disease in kiwifruit, which is an important crop. They found that the fungus produces special enzymes (pectinases) that help it break down the fruit’s protective cell walls, causing decay. By testing different temperatures, pH levels, and incubation times, they determined the best conditions to produce these harmful enzymes and confirmed they play a major role in disease development.

Research Keyword: orthogonal experimental design

Ultra-high temperature bacterial agents enhance heavy metal passivation and antibiotic degradation in compost

Screening and Optimization of Solid-State Fermentation for Esteya vermicola, an Entomopathogenic Fungus Against the Major Forest Pest Pine Wood Nematode

Isolation, identification and antibacterial activity of endophytes from the seeds of Panax japonicus

Optimization of cultural conditions for pectinase production by Diaporthe isolate Z1-1N and its pathogenicity on kiwifruit