opportunistic infection – Page 2

Invasive nasal and paranasal mucormycosis in a patient with severe dengue fever and multiple risk factors: A case report and literature review

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A 50-year-old woman in Vietnam developed a rare and deadly fungal infection called mucormycosis while recovering from dengue fever. She had weakened immunity from taking steroids for other conditions and from the dengue virus itself. The infection caused black, dead tissue to rapidly spread in her nose and around her eye. Despite treatment with antifungal medications, the infection progressed, and she died within days. The case shows how important it is to watch for dangerous opportunistic infections in dengue patients, especially those already dealing with weakened immune systems.

The ATO gene family governs Candida albicans colonization in the dysbiotic gastrointestinal tract

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This study shows that the fungus Candida albicans uses a family of protein transporters called ATO to absorb acetate, a fatty acid produced by gut bacteria. When mice were treated with antibiotics that killed their beneficial bacteria, C. albicans could colonize their guts better if it had working ATO transporters. The research reveals that fungi have evolved special systems to take advantage of nutrients left behind when the normal gut bacteria are disrupted, which helps explain why fungal infections are more common after antibiotic use.

Endocarditis caused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis with disseminated emboli and multiple vascular aneurysms: A case report and literature review

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A 61-year-old man with a prosthetic aortic valve developed a rare fungal infection caused by Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, a mold usually associated with nail infections. The infection spread throughout his body, causing multiple strokes and aneurysms that required emergency surgery and treatment with various antifungal medications. This case highlights the serious complications that can occur when this typically harmless fungus invades the heart and demonstrates the challenges doctors face in treating such rare infections, as the fungus was resistant to many common antifungal drugs.

Case Report: Liquid-based cytology diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis

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A 41-year-old man with diabetes developed a serious lung infection caused by mucormycosis, a rare and dangerous fungus. Doctors diagnosed the infection using liquid-based cytology, a technique that examines fluid from the lungs under a microscope, which proved more effective than traditional methods. Treatment with antifungal medications helped stabilize the patient’s condition, and he remained healthy during an eight-month follow-up. This case highlights how advanced diagnostic techniques can help doctors quickly identify and treat severe fungal infections.

Mediastinal cryptococcoma as part of disseminated cryptococcosis in HIV-negative pregnant woman with Myasthenia Gravis: Autopsy case report

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A 29-year-old pregnant woman with myasthenia gravis died from a widespread fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus, which formed a large mass in her chest. Although she tested negative for HIV, her use of immunosuppressive medications to treat her muscle disease, combined with pregnancy’s natural effects on immune function, made her vulnerable to this serious fungal infection. The infection was initially misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, and the diagnosis was only confirmed after her death during autopsy, highlighting the importance of testing for fungal infections even in patients without HIV.

A Case Report of Candidiasis Cellulitis in Long-Term Corticosteroid Use

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A 54-year-old man developed a serious hand infection caused by Candida albicans, a yeast that normally lives harmlessly on human skin. The infection occurred because he had been taking large doses of corticosteroid injections for 15 years to help with breathing problems, which weakened his immune system. Doctors drained the infected area and treated him with antifungal medication, and he recovered completely, highlighting the importance of recognizing fungal infections in patients on long-term steroid therapy.

Disseminated cryptococcosis in an HIV patient with hepatitis C as the associated risk factor

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A 29-year-old patient with HIV and hepatitis C developed a serious fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans that spread to the brain. The infection was diagnosed through blood and spinal fluid tests and treated successfully with antifungal medications. This case shows why it is important to recognize and treat fungal infections quickly in people with weakened immune systems and multiple health conditions.

A Rare Case of Alternaria citri Keratitis Successfully Treated with Voriconazole

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A 71-year-old woodworker developed a serious eye infection caused by a rare fungus called Alternaria citri that damaged his cornea. Doctors identified the fungus using genetic testing and treated it with the antifungal drug voriconazole combined with surgery. After one year, his vision improved and the infection did not return, marking the first documented case of this particular fungal infection in humans.

Deep Fungal Infection of the Skin with Two Rare Fungi in a Dog Being Treated with Immunosuppressant Therapy: A Case Report

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A dog being treated for brain inflammation with immune-suppressing drugs developed a serious skin infection caused by two unusual fungi not previously reported together in veterinary medicine. The infection proved difficult to diagnose, requiring tissue samples and specialized laboratory testing to identify the fungi and determine which antifungal drugs would work best. Despite treatment with antifungal medications and reducing the immunosuppressive drugs, the infection did not improve and the dog’s underlying condition worsened, ultimately requiring euthanasia. This case shows the serious risks of fungal infections in animals on long-term immunosuppressive therapy and highlights the need for careful monitoring and early detection.

Co-Infection of Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Cryptococcal Meningitis in an HIV-Positive Patient: A Case Report

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This case describes a man with undiagnosed HIV who developed two serious fungal infections at the same time: a lung infection caused by Aspergillus fungus and a brain infection caused by Cryptococcus fungus. His extremely low immune system (CD4 count of 41) made him vulnerable to multiple opportunistic infections. Despite treatment with antifungal medications, his condition worsened and he passed away, highlighting the dangers of late HIV diagnosis.

Research Keyword: opportunistic infection