morphological analysis

Probiotic-fortified Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) juice: free or encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus delbrueckii

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This study developed a probiotic-enriched tomato juice using beneficial bacteria wrapped in protective capsules. The encapsulated version maintained better bacterial survival, taste, and health benefits compared to unprotected bacteria during the 28-day storage period. This creates a promising non-dairy functional beverage option for health-conscious consumers seeking improved gut health and antioxidant benefits.

Nomenclatural review of names published in the fungal genus Dermoloma (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) based on morphological analyses of type specimens

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Scientists have carefully re-examined nine fungal specimens from the genus Dermoloma that serve as the reference standards for naming these mushroom species. Using detailed microscopic analysis, they found that some specimens previously classified as Dermoloma actually belong to different genera, while others represent distinct species. This work helps clarify the true identity of Dermoloma mushrooms and provides a stable foundation for accurately naming new species discovered in the future.

Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two new species of Tubeufia (Tubeufiales, Tubeufiaceae) from freshwater habitats in China

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Scientists in China discovered two new species of fungi (Tubeufia yanuodaensis and T. yinggelingensis) living in freshwater streams on decaying wood. By examining the fungi under microscopes and analyzing their genetic material, the researchers were able to distinguish these new species from previously known ones. This discovery adds to our understanding of fungi diversity in freshwater ecosystems and brings the total number of known Tubeufia species to 88.

Taxonomy and phylogeny of Cortinarius sect. Anomali in China

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This research identifies and describes 22 species of Cortinarius mushrooms found in China, including 11 newly discovered species. Scientists used both traditional microscopy and modern DNA analysis to distinguish between similar-looking species and understand how they are related to each other. The study also compares Chinese species with those found in Europe and North America, helping map out how these mushrooms are distributed across the world.

Differential responses of Cacao pathogens Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Pestalotiopsis sp. to UVB 305 nm and UVC 275 nm

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Scientists studied how UV light can be used to fight fungal diseases that harm cacao plants. They found that UVC light (a type of ultraviolet radiation) is much more effective at killing these fungi than UVB light. Some fungi were very resistant to UV treatment, but the researchers discovered that combining UV light with sound waves (sonication) could overcome this resistance, offering a chemical-free way to protect crops.

Cryptococcus neoformans/gattii and Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum infections on tissue sections: Diagnostic pitfalls and relevance of an integrated histomolecular diagnosis

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This research addresses the challenge of identifying two common fungal infections (cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis) when examining tissue samples under a microscope. The study found that these infections often look similar and can be confusing for pathologists. The researchers discovered that looking for specific fungal features, particularly ‘dented-looking’ yeasts, can help differentiate cryptococcosis from histoplasmosis. When standard laboratory tests on fresh tissue aren’t available, using molecular testing (genetic analysis) on preserved tissue samples can successfully identify the fungus in about 75% of cases.

Neonatal Tactile Stimulation Downregulates Dendritic Spines in Layer V Pyramidal Neurons of the WAG/Rij Rat Somatosensory Cortex

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Researchers found that gently brushing young rats with epilepsy-prone genetics helps prevent abnormal brain development. Specifically, this tactile stimulation reduces the excessive spiny connections on brain cells in the sensory cortex that are associated with seizures. The study shows that simple, early physical stimulation can have lasting protective effects on brain structure in epilepsy-prone individuals.

Chlorencoelia (Leotiomycetes, Helotiales, Cenangiaceae) in New Zealand

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Researchers discovered that fungi previously thought to be just two species found in New Zealand are actually three distinct species. By examining the fungi’s DNA and microscopic features, scientists identified two species new to science: Chlorencoelia australis and Chlorencoelia northlandica, plus another species originally described from Tasmania. This research shows that many fungi species thought to be widespread are actually multiple different species that look similar but are genetically distinct.

Two new species of Entoloma subg. Cyanula sect. Asprella (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from subtropical regions of China

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Scientists have identified two new mushroom species in China belonging to the genus Entoloma. These small blue and magenta mushrooms, named E. qingluan and E. zilin, were discovered in subtropical forests of Fujian and Zhejiang provinces. Using microscopic examination and genetic analysis, the researchers confirmed these were previously unknown species and provided detailed descriptions for scientific identification and classification.

Diversity and pathogenicity of pestalotioid fungi infecting Camellia oleifera in China

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Tea oil plants in China’s Sichuan Province are being infected by three types of fungi that cause serious diseases like leaf spots and blighting. Researchers identified a new fungal species and found that two previously known species can also infect tea oil plants. All three fungi were tested for their ability to cause disease, and they successfully infected tea oil plant leaves under laboratory conditions.

Research Keyword: morphological analysis