molecular phylogenetics – Page 2

Identification of Pseudocercospora mori as the causal agent of grey leaf spot disease in mulberry (Morus atropurpurea) from various localities in Guangdong Province, China

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This study identifies the fungus Pseudocercospora mori as the cause of a serious disease affecting mulberry leaves in southern China. Researchers used microscopy, genetic testing, and laboratory experiments to confirm that this pathogen damages mulberry plants and reduces the quality of leaves used in silk production. The study provides practical diagnostic tools to help farmers detect and manage this disease in their mulberry orchards.

The genus Thaxterogaster (Cortinariaceae): phylogeny and species diversity in Western China

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This study describes the diversity of Thaxterogaster mushrooms in Western China, a region with varied habitats ranging from tropical to temperate climates. Researchers identified eight new mushroom species and one species new to China using DNA analysis and microscopic examination. The study provides detailed descriptions and identification keys to help scientists and mycologists recognize these fungi in the field and understand their evolutionary relationships.

Hidden treasures of herbaria – even small collections contain a wealth of diversity: the powdery mildews of the North Carolina State Larry F. Grand Mycological Herbarium

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This study examined a collection of powdery mildew fungi preserved in a university herbarium and used DNA analysis to identify which specimens had been misidentified over the years. The researchers found that about 83% of the specimens had incorrect identifications and discovered four completely new species that look very similar to known species but are genetically distinct. The findings show that old museum collections are valuable resources for discovering hidden biodiversity and that we should preserve these collections rather than discard them.

Additions to the Entoloma (Agaricales, Entolomataceae) from China: Description of five species with one new to science

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Researchers from China identified five species of Entoloma mushrooms in the Qilian Mountains, including one previously unknown species named E. griseopileum. This new mushroom species is distinguished by its gray color, textured cap, and ability to grow on wood. This discovery contributes to understanding the fungal diversity of this ecologically important mountain region in northwest China.

Bioactive Properties of Selected European Phellinus Species: A Comprehensive Study

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This research examined 30 samples of medicinal mushrooms from the Phellinus genus collected across Europe, including Poland, Italy, Portugal, Kosovo, and North Macedonia. Scientists found that three species—Phellinus igniarius, Fomitiporia robusta, and Porodaedalea pini—are particularly rich in beneficial compounds, especially polysaccharides and antioxidants. These mushroom extracts showed impressive abilities to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria and protect cells from oxidative damage, suggesting they could become valuable sources for new medicines and functional foods.

Plant Pathogenic Fungi Special Issue: Genetics and Genomics

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This scientific review discusses how modern genetics and genomics tools are helping researchers better understand and manage plant diseases caused by fungi. Seven research studies are presented covering topics like identifying different fungal species, understanding how fungi attack plants, and finding natural alternatives to chemical fungicides. The research emphasizes the importance of monitoring fungal diseases and developing crops that resist infection to protect global food production.

Misconception of Schizophyllum commune strain 20R-7-F01 origin from subseafloor sediments over 20 million years old

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Researchers questioned whether a fungus found in ancient ocean sediments 2 km below the seafloor actually came from 20 million years ago or was modern contamination. By analyzing DNA repetitive sequences in different fungal populations, they discovered the strain was genetically almost identical to modern fungi from Asia, not ancient at all. The extreme conditions in the deep sediments would make it impossible for fungi to survive or exchange genes for millions of years, proving the fungus came from surface contamination during drilling rather than ancient times.

Species diversity of Cytospora associated with forest canker diseases in Xizang (Tibet), China

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Scientists studying forests in Tibet discovered 23 new species of Cytospora fungi that cause canker diseases in trees like poplars and willows. Using advanced genetic analysis combined with traditional microscopic examination, researchers identified a total of 50 Cytospora species in the region. These fungi cause bark damage and branch death in many important forest trees. Understanding which species are present and how they spread is crucial for protecting Tibet’s valuable forest ecosystems.

Three new species of Talaromyces sect. Talaromyces discovered in China

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Scientists discovered three previously unknown species of Talaromyces fungi in soil samples from China. These fungi were identified by examining their physical appearance under microscopes and analyzing their genetic material. Each new species has unique characteristics and belongs to different groups within the Talaromyces genus. These discoveries add to our understanding of fungal diversity and highlight the importance of studying these organisms that can be valuable for producing enzymes and medicines.

Ten new species of Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus from Beijing: Revealing rich diversity in temperate regions

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Researchers discovered ten new mushroom species belonging to Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus genera in Beijing’s parks and green spaces. These findings are surprising because these fungi are normally found in tropical regions, yet thrived in Beijing’s temperate climate. The study shows that urban parks, despite human activity, can be important habitats for fungal diversity and help scientists better understand these decomposer mushrooms.

Research Keyword: molecular phylogenetics