Research Keyword: microbial ecology

Exploring Fungal Communication Mechanisms in the Rhizosphere Microbiome for a Sustainable Green Agriculture

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Fungi in soil communicate with each other and plants through chemical signals, forming protective layers called biofilms that help them cooperate and survive. These fungal communication networks can be either beneficial, helping plants grow and fight diseases, or harmful, causing crop infections and producing toxins. By better understanding how fungi talk to each other, scientists can develop natural ways to improve agriculture and clean up polluted soils without using harmful chemicals.

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Movement of bacteria in the soil and the rhizosphere

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Bacteria in soil move around using several different strategies to find nutrients and colonize new areas. They can swim using whip-like flagella, hitchhike on fungal networks or other microbes, or get transported by predatory organisms like nematodes. These different movement mechanisms help bacteria spread through soil at varying speeds and distances, which affects how soil communities are structured and function.

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Identification of novel polyethylene-degrading fungi from South African landfill soils: Arthrographis kalrae, Lecanicillium coprophilum, and Didymosphaeria variabile

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Researchers in South Africa discovered three new types of fungi that can break down plastic waste in landfills. These fungi, along with two previously known species, were found in soil from two landfill sites and were shown to degrade polyethylene plastic. The scientists used multiple testing methods to confirm the fungi actually decompose the plastic by breaking down its chemical structure. This discovery offers hope for a biological solution to South Africa’s serious plastic waste problem.

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Phytostabilization of Heavy Metals and Fungal Community Response in Manganese Slag under the Mediation of Soil Amendments and Plants

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This research shows that adding spent mushroom compost and a mineral amendment called attapulgite to contaminated mining waste, combined with planting a hardy tree species, significantly reduces heavy metal pollution. The tree and amendments work together by improving soil quality and promoting beneficial fungi that help stabilize harmful metals in the soil, preventing them from leaching into groundwater and surrounding ecosystems.

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Warming and Reduced Rainfall Alter Fungal Necromass Decomposition Rates and Associated Microbial Community Composition and Functioning at a Temperate–Boreal Forest Ecotone

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When soil gets warmer and drier due to climate change, dead fungal biomass breaks down faster at first but slower overall compared to normal conditions. The microorganisms that decompose this fungal material change their composition and abilities depending on how long the decomposition has been happening. This study shows that climate change affects soil carbon cycling in complex ways that depend on timing and environmental conditions.

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High-Throughput Sequencing Uncovers Fungal Community Succession During Morchella sextelata Development

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Researchers studied how the community of fungi in soil changes as morel mushrooms grow through different stages. They found that the diversity of soil fungi decreases once morels are planted, and dangerous fungi that cause diseases increase significantly as the fruiting bodies develop. This information can help farmers prevent diseases and improve morel production by managing soil fungal communities more effectively.

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