MAPK signaling pathway

Antifungal activities of Rosmarinus extracts against Fusarium oxysporum, the pathogenic fungus of Anoectochilus stem rot

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Researchers found that extracts from rosemary plants can effectively fight a fungus that causes stem rot disease in Anoectochilus, a valuable medicinal herb. The rosemary extracts worked both in laboratory tests and when applied to infected plants, reducing disease symptoms and boosting the plant’s natural defense mechanisms. These findings suggest rosemary extracts could be developed as a natural, safer alternative to synthetic chemical fungicides that harm the environment.

Hydrophobin Gene Cmhyd4 Negatively Regulates Fruiting Body Development in Edible Fungi Cordyceps militaris

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Scientists studied a gene called Cmhyd4 in Cordyceps militaris, an edible medicinal mushroom. By removing this gene, they found that the mushroom produced more fruiting bodies with higher levels of beneficial compounds like carotenoids and adenosine. This discovery could help mushroom farmers grow better quality mushrooms with improved nutritional value through selective breeding.

Impact of Clove Oil on Biofilm Formation in Candida albicans and Its Effects on Mice with Candida Vaginitis

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This research demonstrates that clove oil, a natural and FDA-approved dietary supplement, can effectively combat Candida albicans infections that cause vaginal yeast infections. The study found that clove oil works by preventing the fungus from forming protective biofilms and by reducing inflammation. In mice with vaginal yeast infections, clove oil treatment significantly improved symptoms and reduced fungal levels, suggesting it could serve as a safer alternative to conventional antifungal medications.

Inhibitory effect and mechanism of action of Carvacrol as a promising natural food preservative against Fusarium acuminatum causing postharvest rot of garlic scapes (Allium sativum L)

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Garlic scapes often rot quickly during storage due to fungal infections. This study found that carvacrol, a natural compound from oregano and thyme, effectively prevents this spoilage and extends shelf life. The research showed that carvacrol damages the fungal cells’ protective membranes, stopping the infection. Since carvacrol is already approved as safe for food use, it could become a practical, natural alternative to chemical preservatives.

Impact of Clove Oil on Biofilm Formation in Candida albicans and Its Effects on Mice with Candida Vaginitis

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Clove oil, a common kitchen spice, shows promise as a treatment for vaginal yeast infections caused by Candida albicans. The oil contains eugenol, which blocks the fungus’s ability to form protective biofilms and reduces inflammation. In mouse studies, clove oil treatment decreased yeast infection symptoms and lowered inflammatory markers, suggesting it could be a safe, natural alternative to conventional antifungal drugs.

Impacts of selenium enrichment on nutritive value and obesity prevention of Cordyceps militaris: A nutritional, secondary metabolite, and network pharmacological analysis

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Researchers studied how adding selenium to Cordyceps militaris mushrooms affects their nutritional value and ability to prevent obesity. They found that selenium enrichment increased the mushroom’s carbohydrates and fiber content, and enhanced beneficial compounds like terpenoids and alkaloids. In mice fed a high-fat diet, both regular and selenium-enriched Cordyceps militaris reduced weight gain and improved metabolic health equally well. The study suggests these mushrooms work against obesity by using multiple active compounds that target different biological pathways simultaneously.

Decapeptide Inducer Promotes the Conidiation of Phytopathogenic Magnaporthe oryzae via the Mps1 MAPK Signaling Pathway

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Scientists discovered a short chain of amino acids called MCIDP that dramatically increases spore production in rice blast fungus. This fungus causes one of the most destructive diseases affecting rice crops worldwide, with losses ranging from 10-50% depending on severity. The researchers found that MCIDP works by activating specific cellular signaling pathways that control the fungus’s reproduction. This discovery could lead to new strategies for controlling rice blast disease and protecting rice crops from infection.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses unravel the different pathogenic mechanisms of Ustilaginoidea virens in indica and japonica rice

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Rice is vulnerable to a fungal disease called false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens. Scientists found that this fungus attacks different rice varieties in different ways. By studying gene expression and chemical changes in infected rice, they discovered that the fungus uses different molecular pathways to infect indica rice versus japonica rice, explaining why these varieties have different levels of resistance to the disease.

Cerebral Hypoxia-Induced Molecular Alterations and Their Impact on the Physiology of Neurons and Dendritic Spines: A Comprehensive Review

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This review explains how low oxygen levels in the brain damage nerve cells and their connection points (dendritic spines) through a cascade of molecular changes. The brain normally has protective mechanisms, but severe or prolonged hypoxia overwhelms these defenses, leading to memory loss and cognitive problems. Several molecular pathways and supporting cells called astrocytes and microglia can help protect neurons. Understanding these protective mechanisms may lead to new treatments for brain conditions caused by low oxygen, such as stroke.

Application of Medicinal Mushrooms for the Treatment of Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Systematic Review

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This review examined whether medicinal mushrooms can help repair nerve injuries that often cause pain and disability. Researchers found that four types of mushrooms—particularly Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus)—contain natural compounds that promote nerve healing and regeneration. These mushrooms appear to work by activating specific cellular pathways that help nerve cells survive and regrow. While animal studies show promising results, human clinical trials are needed before these mushroom-based treatments can be recommended for nerve injury patients.

Research Keyword: MAPK signaling pathway