immunocompromised host

Disseminated mucormycosis leading to a fatal gastrointestinal perforation in a pediatric case of EBV-associated Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

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A 12-month-old girl with a severe immune system disorder (HLH) triggered by Epstein-Barr virus developed a life-threatening fungal infection (mucormycosis) that spread throughout her digestive system. Despite aggressive treatment with multiple antifungal medications and emergency surgery, the infection caused her intestines to perforate, leading to her death. The case highlights the difficulty in recognizing fungal infections early in immunocompromised children and the need for heightened clinical awareness.

Mediastinal cryptococcoma as part of disseminated cryptococcosis in HIV-negative pregnant woman with Myasthenia Gravis: Autopsy case report

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A 29-year-old pregnant woman with myasthenia gravis, a condition requiring long-term immune-suppressing medications, died from a widespread fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus. Despite being HIV-negative, her weakened immune system made her vulnerable to this serious infection. An autopsy revealed the infection had spread throughout her body, including her heart, brain, lungs, and kidneys. This case highlights how fungal infections like cryptococcosis can affect people without HIV when their immune systems are compromised by other conditions or medications.

Invasive Trichoderma longibrachiatum breakthrough infection in a hematology patient

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A 61-year-old woman with blood cancer developed a severe and unusual double fungal infection caused by two mold species while being treated for a known fungal infection. Despite receiving multiple antifungal medications, her condition worsened and she ultimately died from multiple organ failure. The case is important because it demonstrates how Trichoderma fungi are becoming dangerous pathogens in very sick, immunocompromised patients, and a new drug called olorofim showed promising activity against this infection in laboratory tests.

Endogenous Endophthalmitis: An underestimated serious complication in patients with disseminated fusariosis

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An 18-year-old leukemia patient developed a serious fungal eye infection from Fusarium during cancer treatment. The infection spread through the bloodstream to both eyes, causing serious inflammation and vision loss. Doctors treated it with multiple antifungal medications injected directly into the eyes along with systemic medication, which controlled the infection but unfortunately the patient’s vision was significantly affected. This case highlights how rare but serious eye infections can occur in cancer patients with weakened immune systems.

Simultaneous infection with Fusarium proliferatum and Prototheca wickerhamii localized at different body sites

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An 81-year-old woman taking long-term steroid medication developed two different fungal skin infections on her hands simultaneously – one on the right hand from a moldy wooden frame and one on the left hand possibly from sewage exposure. Doctors identified both fungi through microscopy and genetic testing. She was successfully treated with an antifungal medication called voriconazole for four weeks and recovered completely.

Catastrophic Cerebral Infarctions in a Pediatric Patient with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Due to Mucorales Infection

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An 11-year-old girl with leukemia undergoing chemotherapy developed a severe fungal infection called mucormycosis caused by Lichtheimia ramosa. The infection spread rapidly from her sinuses to her eyes and brain, causing multiple blood clots in brain arteries and a massive stroke within just five days. Despite emergency surgery to remove the clots, the infection had progressed too far and the patient sadly did not survive, highlighting how dangerous this fungal infection can be in children with weakened immune systems.

A Rare Battle: Multidisciplinary Care for a Child with Rhino-Orbital Cerebral Mucormycosis in Somali Region of Ethiopia

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A 12-year-old girl with poorly controlled diabetes developed a serious fungal infection in her sinuses and eye that spread to her brain. Despite the infection being extremely dangerous, doctors successfully treated her using multiple approaches including antifungal medication, surgery to remove infected tissue, and careful management of her blood sugar. She recovered and went home, though she lost vision in one eye.

Invasive Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis Is a Rare Complication in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Patient

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A 5-year-old girl with systemic juvenile arthritis being treated with immunosuppressive medications developed a rare and serious fungal infection in her nose and sinuses caused by a mold called Lichtheimia. The infection caused tissue death and spread toward her brain, but was successfully treated with combination antifungal drugs and surgery. This case highlights how powerful immunosuppressive treatments for severe arthritis can increase the risk of life-threatening fungal infections.

Pulmonary Mucormycosis in Diabetic Patients: A Case Series From a Tertiary Respiratory Center in Sri Lanka

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This case study describes three patients with diabetes who developed a serious lung infection caused by a rare fungus called mucormycosis. The infection presented with various symptoms like cough, fever, and weight loss, and was diagnosed using lung tissue samples that showed the characteristic fungal structures. Two patients recovered with prolonged antifungal medication treatment, while one patient unfortunately died despite receiving prompt treatment, highlighting how serious this infection can be.

Schizophyllum commune infection following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in a patient with lymphoma

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A 71-year-old woman receiving CAR T-cell therapy for lymphoma developed a rare fungal lung infection caused by Schizophyllum commune six months after treatment. The infection presented similarly to other fungal diseases affecting the lungs and was diagnosed through bronchoscopy and fungal culture despite negative blood antibody tests. Standard antifungal medication (voriconazole) taken by mouth for four months completely resolved the infection, highlighting the need to consider rare fungi in patients receiving advanced cancer immunotherapies.

Research Keyword: immunocompromised host