Research Keyword: hepatic encephalopathy

Clinical significance and outcomes of adult living donor liver transplantation for acute liver failure: a retrospective cohort study based on 15-year single-center experience

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Researchers studied 267 patients with acute liver failure over 15 years to compare two types of liver transplants: using living donors versus deceased donors. Living donor transplants worked just as well as deceased donor transplants, with similar patient survival rates, but allowed faster surgery before patients became critically ill. When a suitable living donor was available, performing the transplant quickly before severe brain complications developed led to better patient outcomes.

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Acute liver failure caused by Amanita verna: a case series and review of the literature

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This case study examines three patients who became severely ill after eating poisonous Amanita verna mushrooms in China. One patient successfully received a liver transplant and recovered, while the other two died from brain bleeding complications. The study highlights that liver transplantation can be life-saving for mushroom poisoning victims with severe liver failure, though doctors need better guidelines to decide when transplantation is the right choice.

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Educational Case: Acetaminophen hepatotoxicity: Pathophysiology and evaluation of acute liver failure

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This educational case describes how acetaminophen overdose causes severe liver damage leading to acute liver failure. The toxic form of acetaminophen damages liver cell mitochondria and causes widespread cell death, particularly in the center of liver lobules. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine within 24 hours of overdose significantly improves outcomes, though severe cases require liver transplantation.

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Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Acute Liver Failure: A Real-World Study in Mexico

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Acute liver failure is a serious medical emergency where the liver suddenly stops working properly. This study found that a treatment called therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), which filters the blood to remove harmful substances, significantly improved survival rates in liver failure patients treated in a Mexican hospital. Patients receiving TPE had a 92% survival rate at 30 days compared to only 50% in those receiving standard treatment alone, even though the TPE group had more severe cases at the start.

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Increasing incidence of mycotoxicosis in South-Eastern Germany: a comprehensive analysis of mushroom poisonings at a University Medical Center

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This study examined mushroom poisoning cases in a German hospital from 2005 to 2022 and found that poisonings have nearly doubled in recent years, likely due to more people foraging for wild mushrooms and changes in climate affecting mushroom distribution. The death cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides) caused the majority of serious cases, leading to liver and kidney failure. Researchers found that a blood-cleansing treatment called plasmapheresis could help stabilize patients with life-threatening bleeding complications while they recovered or waited for a liver transplant.

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