genome assembly – Page 6

Methodology for Extracting High-Molecular-Weight DNA from Field Collections of Macrofungi

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Scientists developed a practical method to extract high-quality DNA from mushrooms found in nature, which is essential for understanding fungal genomes. The technique works without needing freezers or ice by preserving tissue in alcohol at room temperature. The method successfully extracted usable DNA from 33 different mushroom species, including rare species that cannot be grown in laboratories, enabling researchers to sequence and study their complete genomes.

Thermotolerance and post-fire growth in Rhizina undulata is associated with the expansion of heat stress-related protein families

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Rhizina undulata is a fungus that infects conifer trees and uniquely relies on the heat from forest fires to wake up and start growing. Scientists sequenced the fungus’s DNA and discovered it has extra copies of genes that help it survive extreme heat, deal with harmful molecules created by heat stress, and digest burned plant material. These genetic adaptations explain how this fungus has evolved to take advantage of fire events for its survival and spread.

Biological and Genomic Insights into Fusarium acuminatum Causing Needle Blight in Pinus tabuliformis

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Researchers identified a fungus called Fusarium acuminatum as the cause of needle blight disease affecting Chinese pine trees in northern China. They studied how this fungus grows and sequenced its entire genome to understand how it damages the trees. The findings help explain the disease and provide tools to develop better ways to protect and treat infected pine trees.

Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata (Daqiugaigu)

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Scientists have decoded the complete genetic blueprint of the wine cap mushroom (Stropharia rugosoannulata), a popular edible mushroom grown worldwide. The research identified over 12,000 genes and discovered the mushroom contains powerful enzymes that break down plant material, explaining why it grows so well on straw and corn stalks. The study also revealed that different parts of the mushroom (cap and stem) have different functions, with stems focusing on energy production and caps on growth and development.

Contamination of fungal genomes of Onygenaceae (Phylum Ascomycota) in public databases: incidence, detection, and impact

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Scientists found that many fungal genome sequences stored in public databases contain unwanted bacterial DNA that can interfere with research results. They developed a method to identify and remove this contamination using related high-quality fungal genomes as reference. After cleaning four contaminated genomes, the quality improved significantly and the contamination dropped from 5-12% to below 3%, demonstrating that careful screening is essential for reliable genetic research.

Whole-genome sequencing of Fusarium oxysporum K326-S isolated from tobacco

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Scientists sequenced the complete genome of a fungus that causes disease in tobacco plants. The fungus, Fusarium oxysporum, was isolated from diseased tobacco roots in China. The resulting genetic blueprint contains over 17,000 genes and will help researchers develop better ways to prevent and control this destructive plant disease.

De Novo Genome Assembly and Comparative Genome Analysis of the Novel Human Fungal Pathogen Trichosporon austroamericanum Type-Strain CBS 17435

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Scientists sequenced the complete genome of a dangerous fungal species called Trichosporon austroamericanum that can cause serious infections in humans, particularly transplant patients. Using advanced long-read sequencing technology, they assembled the organism’s 21 million base pair genome and compared it to a closely related fungal species. The analysis showed this species is genetically distinct and has interesting characteristics that help it survive at higher temperatures than most other fungi. This genetic information will help doctors and researchers better understand and treat infections caused by this emerging pathogenic yeast.

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

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Scientists have successfully sequenced the complete genome of matsutake mushrooms for the first time. Using advanced DNA sequencing technology, they created a map of all 13 matsutake chromosomes containing about 22,000 genes. This achievement provides crucial information to help understand, preserve, and possibly improve this highly valued but increasingly rare mushroom that has been prized in Japanese cuisine for over a thousand years.

Draft genome sequence of Neofusicoccum caryigenum associated with pecan leaf dieback

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Scientists have sequenced the complete genetic code of a fungus called Neofusicoccum caryigenum that causes pecan leaf dieback, a disease affecting pecan trees in the southeastern United States. The fungus was first identified in 2021 and causes leaves to fall off pecan trees, reducing crop yields. This genetic information will help researchers better understand the disease and develop ways to prevent or control it.

The First Whole Genome Sequence and Methylation Profile of Gerronema lapidescens QL01

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Scientists have sequenced the complete genetic code of Lei Wan (Gerronema lapidescens), a medicinal mushroom used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating parasitic infections and digestive problems. The research revealed how this mushroom produces beneficial compounds and how its genes are regulated through a process called methylation. This information could help develop better ways to cultivate this increasingly rare mushroom sustainably rather than harvesting it from the wild, making it available for future medical research and treatment.

Research Keyword: genome assembly