genome assembly – Page 5

Gapless near Telomer-to-Telomer Assembly of Neurospora intermedia, Aspergillus oryzae, and Trichoderma asperellum from Nanopore Simplex Reads

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Researchers developed a new method to create complete, high-quality genetic maps of fungi using a single affordable sequencing technology from Oxford Nanopore. They created an automated computer program that processes the sequencing data without human intervention and successfully assembled complete genomes for three industrially important fungal species. This breakthrough could make it much easier and cheaper for scientists to study and use fungi for producing medicines, food ingredients, and other useful compounds.

Genome sequences of three genetic lineages of the fungus Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii, the causal agent of Swiss needle cast on Douglas-fir trees

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Researchers sequenced the complete genomes of three different genetic strains of a fungus that causes Swiss needle cast, a disease affecting Douglas-fir trees in the Pacific Northwest. These fungal strains differ in their ability to adapt to different environmental conditions. The high-quality genome information will help scientists understand why these strains are different and how they might spread under changing climate conditions.

Dermatophytes adaptation to the human host exemplified by Microsporum canis

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Researchers studied how fungi that normally infect cats and dogs are adapting to infect humans. By comparing the genes of zoophilic (animal-loving) and anthropophilic (human-loving) Microsporum species, they found that human-adapted strains have developed specific proteins that help them survive in the acidic environment of human skin. These fungi have evolved special enzymes for breaking down keratin and tolerating the lipid-rich, acidic conditions of human skin better than their animal-loving relatives.

Haplotype-resolved genomes of Phlebopus portentosus reveal nuclear differentiation, TE-mediated variation, and saprotrophic potential

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Researchers sequenced the complete genomes of two compatible versions of the black truffle fungus Phlebopus portentosus, the only Boletales species grown commercially. They discovered that jumping genes called transposable elements cause significant differences between the two fungal nuclei, affecting the production of beneficial compounds. The study shows this mushroom can both partner with tree roots and break down organic matter independently, making it versatile in nature and valuable for both food and medicine.

Complete genome sequence of Diaporthe vaccinii Shear, a fungal isolated from blueberry

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Scientists have sequenced the complete genetic blueprint of a fungus called Diaporthe vaccinii that causes serious disease in blueberry plants. Using advanced DNA sequencing technology, they created a high-quality map of the fungus’s 60.2 million base pair genome. This genetic information will help researchers understand how the fungus causes disease and potentially develop better ways to protect blueberry crops from this costly plant pathogen.

Discovery of a New Starship Transposon Driving the Horizontal Transfer of the ToxA Virulence Gene in Alternaria ventricosa

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Scientists discovered that a disease-causing gene called ToxA, previously found only in three wheat-infecting fungi, is also present in a fourth fungal species called Alternaria ventricosa. This gene travels between fungal species through special jumping DNA elements called Starships. The study reveals how fungi share dangerous genes through a process called horizontal gene transfer, which helps them become better at attacking crops. Understanding this process could help farmers and scientists develop better ways to prevent fungal diseases.

Correction: Gao et al. Haplotype-Resolved Genome Analyses Reveal Genetically Distinct Nuclei within a Commercial Cultivar of Lentinula edodes

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This is a correction notice for a scientific paper about the genetic makeup of commercial shiitake mushrooms. The researchers found that these mushrooms contain genetically distinct nuclei. The correction updates some figure references and information about unique genes to ensure the paper’s accuracy.

Genome Sequencing of Three Pathogenic Fungi Provides Insights into the Evolution and Pathogenic Mechanisms of the Cobweb Disease on Cultivated Mushrooms

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This research sequenced the DNA of three fungi that cause cobweb disease, a serious problem in mushroom farming that can destroy entire crops. Scientists discovered that these fungi spread disease by producing special enzymes that break down mushroom cell walls and releasing toxic compounds. By understanding the genetic basis of how these fungi attack mushrooms, researchers can now develop better strategies to prevent infection and protect valuable mushroom crops.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the banana pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense M5

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Researchers have completed the full genetic map of the mitochondria (energy-producing structures) of a fungus that causes a serious disease in banana plants. The study identified all the genes in this mitochondrial genome and discovered special structures called introns within two genes. This genetic information could help scientists develop better ways to detect and identify this harmful banana pathogen.

High-quality genome assembly and annotation of Porodaedalea mongolica and Porodaedalea schrenkiana provide insights into potential industrial and medical application

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Scientists sequenced the genomes of two medicinal wood-decay fungi species (Porodaedalea mongolica and P. schrenkiana) for the first time using advanced sequencing technology. These fungi produce beneficial compounds with anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, and can degrade environmental pollutants. The detailed genetic information revealed how these fungi break down wood and create bioactive compounds, opening new possibilities for medical treatments and industrial applications like environmental cleanup.

Research Keyword: genome assembly