gene expression – Page 4

Evaluation of Anticancer Potential of Ganoderma lucidum on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Through Genetic Transcription of Energy Metabolism

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Researchers tested extracts from Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom) against breast cancer cells in the laboratory. They found that the methanol extract was particularly effective at killing cancer cells while leaving healthy cells relatively unharmed. The mushroom works by disrupting the cancer cells’ metabolism and triggering programmed cell death, making it a promising natural treatment option that could complement conventional cancer therapies.

Impacts of dietary sodium alginate as a prebiotic on the oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense): A comprehensive analysis of growth, physiology, immunity, antioxidant, and metabolism

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This study tested whether sodium alginate, a natural substance from brown seaweed, could improve the health and growth of freshwater prawns used in farming. After 60 days of feeding trials, prawns given the highest dose of sodium alginate (4.0 grams per kilogram of feed) showed significantly better growth, improved immune function, and stronger antioxidant defenses compared to control groups. The supplement also promoted beneficial bacteria in the prawns’ digestive systems and improved their overall body composition.

Insights on Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 Responses to HCH Isomers: Tolerance, Degradation, and Dynamics on Potential lin Genes Expression

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This research examined how a type of cyanobacteria called Anabaena can help clean up contaminated areas by breaking down different forms of a harmful pesticide called HCH. The scientists found that Anabaena handles some forms of HCH better than others, completely eliminating certain types while only partially breaking down others. This discovery suggests that Anabaena could potentially be used in environmental cleanup projects to remove HCH pollution from water and soil.

Enhancing Phenanthrene Degradation by Burkholderia sp. FM-2 with Rhamnolipid: Mechanistic Insights from Cell Surface Properties and Transcriptomic Analysis

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Scientists studied how a natural soap-like substance called rhamnolipid can help bacteria degrade phenanthrene, a dangerous pollution compound found in oil-contaminated soil. They found that the right amount of this substance makes the bacteria better at breaking down the pollutant by changing the bacteria’s surface properties and activating specific genes. The research shows promise for developing better methods to clean up contaminated environments.

Antifungal mechanism of ketone volatile organic compounds against Pseudogymnoascus destructans

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Researchers discovered that two ketone compounds, 2-undecanone and 2-nonanone, effectively kill Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome in bats. Using advanced genetic analysis, they found these ketones work by damaging the fungus’s cell structure, disrupting its energy production, and causing DNA damage. This research provides a foundation for developing new fumigant treatments to protect bat populations from this devastating fungal disease.

Genetic regulation of l-tryptophan metabolism in Psilocybe mexicana supports psilocybin biosynthesis

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Researchers studied how magic mushrooms (Psilocybe mexicana) regulate their chemistry to produce psilocybin, the psychoactive compound. They found that when mushrooms start fruiting, they turn on genes that make tryptophan (an amino acid building block) and turn off genes that break it down, directing all the tryptophan toward psilocybin production. This coordinated genetic control ensures the mushroom has enough of this key ingredient. This knowledge could help grow these mushrooms in labs for legitimate medical research into treating depression.

The Role of Nitric Oxide in the Growth and Development of Schizophyllum commune Under Anaerobic Conditions

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This research shows that nitric oxide (NO) acts like a chemical messenger that helps mushroom fungi grow and reproduce when oxygen is scarce. Scientists studied a fungus found deep below the ocean floor and discovered that NO helps the fungus extend its root-like structures, germinate spores, and even initiate the formation of fruiting bodies (the mushroom stage). When they blocked NO with chemicals, growth slowed down, but when they added extra NO, growth accelerated. This discovery could help us understand how fungi survive in extreme environments with little oxygen.

Phytohormones and volatile organic compounds, like geosmin, in the ectomycorrhiza of Tricholoma vaccinum and Norway spruce (Picea abies)

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This research examines how a fungus (Tricholoma vaccinum) and spruce tree communicate through chemical signals. The fungus produces unique compounds including geosmin (the earthy smell of soil after rain), limonene (lemon scent), and plant hormones. These chemicals help the fungus and tree establish their beneficial partnership by affecting how the fungus grows and branches around the tree roots. The findings show that these chemical signals are crucial for successful formation of the mycorrhizal relationship.

Single-cell transcriptome profiles of Drosophila fruitless-expressing neurons from both sexes

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Scientists studied individual nerve cells in fruit flies that control mating behaviors, comparing males and females at a critical developmental stage. Using advanced sequencing technology, they identified 113 distinct types of nerve cells with shared genes but sex-specific differences in expression. The findings reveal how the same basic neural circuits can be fine-tuned differently in males and females to produce their distinct reproductive behaviors.

Bacterial–Fungal Interactions: Mutualism, Antagonism, and Competition

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Bacteria and fungi in animal bodies interact in three main ways: they help each other (mutualism), fight each other (antagonism), or compete for resources. These interactions happen in the gut, rumen, and skin of animals. Understanding how to balance these relationships can help create better probiotics and natural alternatives to antibiotics for treating infections and improving animal health.

Research Keyword: gene expression